Reduced frame quantization in video coding. J, T., T., &., H. In 2005.
abstract   bibtex   
We vary the quantization parameter in H.264 video encoding by increasing it by a well-chosen offset in every other frame, which we call reduced frames. As the motion compensation for a reduced frame is performed mainly from the previous frame (which is non-reduced), we obtain a large reduction in bit rate with only a small loss in video quality. We then develop an algorithm for the offset selection which requires only slightly more computation compared to the original encoder. Since the frame immediately preceding a non-reduced frame is reduced, advantage can be obtained by using at least two previous frames for reference. Even larger advantage can be obtained by reordering the reference picture list so that the frame, which gives the best motion compensation result, is first in the list. We also implement an algorithm for deciding the best list order. The modified encoder produces 6% smaller bit rate in average at fixed video quality at low bit rates, or up to 18% with some sequences which contain relatively little motion.
@inProceedings{
 title = {Reduced frame quantization in video coding.},
 type = {inProceedings},
 year = {2005},
 id = {e06ea577-3338-3d70-b8ce-45089418d8af},
 created = {2019-11-19T13:01:14.532Z},
 file_attached = {false},
 profile_id = {bddcf02d-403b-3b06-9def-6d15cc293e20},
 group_id = {17585b85-df99-3a34-98c2-c73e593397d7},
 last_modified = {2019-11-19T13:46:29.149Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {mvg:663},
 source_type = {inproceedings},
 notes = {In: 9th International Workshop VLBV Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer <br/>Science 3893, 61-67.},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {We vary the quantization parameter in H.264 video encoding
by increasing it by a well-chosen offset in every other frame, which we
call reduced frames. As the motion compensation for a reduced frame is
performed mainly from the previous frame (which is non-reduced), we
obtain a large reduction in bit rate with only a small loss in video quality.
We then develop an algorithm for the offset selection which requires only
slightly more computation compared to the original encoder.

Since the frame immediately preceding a non-reduced frame is reduced,
advantage can be obtained by using at least two previous frames for reference.
Even larger advantage can be obtained by reordering the reference
picture list so that the frame, which gives the best motion compensation
result, is first in the list. We also implement an algorithm for deciding
the best list order.

The modified encoder produces 6% smaller bit rate in average at fixed
video quality at low bit rates, or up to 18% with some sequences which
contain relatively little motion.},
 bibtype = {inProceedings},
 author = {J, Toivonen T & Heikkilä}
}

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