Historical Overfishing and the Recent Collapse of Coastal Ecosystems. Jackson, J. B. C., Kirby, M. X., Berger, W. H., Bjorndal, K. A., Botsford, L. W., Bourque, B. J., Bradbury, R. H., Cooke, R., Erlandson, J., Estes, J. A., Hughes, T. P., Kidwell, S., Lange, C. B., Lenihan, H. S., Pandolfi, J. M., Peterson, C. H., Steneck, R. S., Tegner, M. J., & Warner, R. R. 293(5530):629–637.
Historical Overfishing and the Recent Collapse of Coastal Ecosystems [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Ecological extinction caused by overfishing precedes all other pervasive human disturbance to coastal ecosystems, including pollution, degradation of water quality, and anthropogenic climate change. Historical abundances of large consumer species were fantastically large in comparison with recent observations. Paleoecological, archaeological, and historical data show that time lags of decades to centuries occurred between the onset of overfishing and consequent changes in ecological communities, because unfished species of similar trophic level assumed the ecological roles of overfished species until they too were overfished or died of epidemic diseases related to overcrowding. Retrospective data not only help to clarify underlying causes and rates of ecological change, but they also demonstrate achievable goals for restoration and management of coastal ecosystems that could not even be contemplated based on the limited perspective of recent observations alone.
@article{jacksonHistoricalOverfishingRecent2001,
  title = {Historical Overfishing and the Recent Collapse of Coastal Ecosystems},
  author = {Jackson, Jeremy B. C. and Kirby, Michael X. and Berger, Wolfgang H. and Bjorndal, Karen A. and Botsford, Louis W. and Bourque, Bruce J. and Bradbury, Roger H. and Cooke, Richard and Erlandson, Jon and Estes, James A. and Hughes, Terence P. and Kidwell, Susan and Lange, Carina B. and Lenihan, Hunter S. and Pandolfi, John M. and Peterson, Charles H. and Steneck, Robert S. and Tegner, Mia J. and Warner, Robert R.},
  date = {2001},
  journaltitle = {Science},
  volume = {293},
  pages = {629--637},
  issn = {1095-9203},
  doi = {10.1126/science.1059199},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1059199},
  abstract = {Ecological extinction caused by overfishing precedes all other pervasive human disturbance to coastal ecosystems, including pollution, degradation of water quality, and anthropogenic climate change. Historical abundances of large consumer species were fantastically large in comparison with recent observations. Paleoecological, archaeological, and historical data show that time lags of decades to centuries occurred between the onset of overfishing and consequent changes in ecological communities, because unfished species of similar trophic level assumed the ecological roles of overfished species until they too were overfished or died of epidemic diseases related to overcrowding. Retrospective data not only help to clarify underlying causes and rates of ecological change, but they also demonstrate achievable goals for restoration and management of coastal ecosystems that could not even be contemplated based on the limited perspective of recent observations alone.},
  keywords = {*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-14007206,complexity,ecosystem,feedback,fish-resources,overexploited-fish-stocks,paleoecology,system-catastrophe},
  number = {5530}
}

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