Transition from a strong-yet-brittle to a stronger-and-ductile state by size reduction of metallic glasses. Jang, D. & Greer, J. R Nature Materials, 9(3):215–219, 2010. doi abstract bibtex Amorphous metallic alloys, or metallic glasses, are lucrative engineering materials owing to their superior mechanical prop-erties such as high strength and large elastic strain. However, their main drawback is their propensity for highly catastrophic failure through rapid shear banding, significantly undercutting their structural applications. Here, we show that when reduced to 100 nm, Zr-based metallic glass nanopillars attain ceramic-like strengths (2.25 GPa) and metal-like ductility (25%) si-multaneously. We report separate and distinct critical sizes for maximum strength and for the brittle-to-ductile transi-tion, thereby demonstrating that strength and ability to carry plasticity are decoupled at the nanoscale. A phenomenolog-ical model for size dependence and brittle-to-homogeneous deformation is provided. A long-standing goal in engineering is to create better structural materials with enhanced useful properties for particular applica-tions, commonly attained by constructing specific microstructures. Typical examples include martensites for strengthening, reinforced concrete for toughening and cellular structures for energy absorp-tion. It was recently reported that extrinsic size also strongly affects crystalline properties at the submicrometre scale 1,2 , providing the opportunity to use feature size as a design parameter in attaining superior mechanical properties. Since the first report by Klement et al. 3 in 1960, metallic glasses have attracted a lot of interest 4 . However, their main drawback is their catastrophic and instantaneous brittle failure under tensile loading, originating from severe plastic-strain localization in a narrow region called the shear band 5 . Significant efforts to enhance their deformability have been focused on developing glassy metals capable of uniformly distributing the shear bands or to hinder their propagation 6–8 . The high deformability may also be attained by using feature size as a design parameter, which requires gaining a full understanding of sample size effects on mechanical properties. Following a micro-compression approach in crystalline materials 1,2 , several groups have carried out similar compression experiments on metallic glass micropillars and reported a correlation between reduced size and several mechanical properties: maximum plastic strain before failure 9 , yield strength 10–17 and deformation mode 9,10 ; however, most of them are inconsistent. One reason for the lack of agreement is th…
@article{jang_transition_2010,
title = {Transition from a strong-yet-brittle to a stronger-and-ductile state by size reduction of metallic glasses},
volume = {9},
doi = {10.1038/NMAT2622},
abstract = {Amorphous metallic alloys, or metallic glasses, are lucrative engineering materials owing to their superior mechanical prop-erties such as high strength and large elastic strain. However, their main drawback is their propensity for highly catastrophic failure through rapid shear banding, significantly undercutting their structural applications. Here, we show that when reduced to 100 nm, Zr-based metallic glass nanopillars attain ceramic-like strengths (2.25 GPa) and metal-like ductility (25\%) si-multaneously. We report separate and distinct critical sizes for maximum strength and for the brittle-to-ductile transi-tion, thereby demonstrating that strength and ability to carry plasticity are decoupled at the nanoscale. A phenomenolog-ical model for size dependence and brittle-to-homogeneous deformation is provided. A long-standing goal in engineering is to create better structural materials with enhanced useful properties for particular applica-tions, commonly attained by constructing specific microstructures. Typical examples include martensites for strengthening, reinforced concrete for toughening and cellular structures for energy absorp-tion. It was recently reported that extrinsic size also strongly affects crystalline properties at the submicrometre scale 1,2 , providing the opportunity to use feature size as a design parameter in attaining superior mechanical properties. Since the first report by Klement et al. 3 in 1960, metallic glasses have attracted a lot of interest 4 . However, their main drawback is their catastrophic and instantaneous brittle failure under tensile loading, originating from severe plastic-strain localization in a narrow region called the shear band 5 . Significant efforts to enhance their deformability have been focused on developing glassy metals capable of uniformly distributing the shear bands or to hinder their propagation 6–8 . The high deformability may also be attained by using feature size as a design parameter, which requires gaining a full understanding of sample size effects on mechanical properties. Following a micro-compression approach in crystalline materials 1,2 , several groups have carried out similar compression experiments on metallic glass micropillars and reported a correlation between reduced size and several mechanical properties: maximum plastic strain before failure 9 , yield strength 10–17 and deformation mode 9,10 ; however, most of them are inconsistent. One reason for the lack of agreement is th…},
number = {3},
urldate = {2017-09-15},
journal = {Nature Materials},
author = {Jang, Dongchan and Greer, Julia R},
year = {2010},
pages = {215--219},
}
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We report separate and distinct critical sizes for maximum strength and for the brittle-to-ductile transi-tion, thereby demonstrating that strength and ability to carry plasticity are decoupled at the nanoscale. A phenomenolog-ical model for size dependence and brittle-to-homogeneous deformation is provided. A long-standing goal in engineering is to create better structural materials with enhanced useful properties for particular applica-tions, commonly attained by constructing specific microstructures. Typical examples include martensites for strengthening, reinforced concrete for toughening and cellular structures for energy absorp-tion. It was recently reported that extrinsic size also strongly affects crystalline properties at the submicrometre scale 1,2 , providing the opportunity to use feature size as a design parameter in attaining superior mechanical properties. Since the first report by Klement et al. 3 in 1960, metallic glasses have attracted a lot of interest 4 . However, their main drawback is their catastrophic and instantaneous brittle failure under tensile loading, originating from severe plastic-strain localization in a narrow region called the shear band 5 . Significant efforts to enhance their deformability have been focused on developing glassy metals capable of uniformly distributing the shear bands or to hinder their propagation 6–8 . The high deformability may also be attained by using feature size as a design parameter, which requires gaining a full understanding of sample size effects on mechanical properties. Following a micro-compression approach in crystalline materials 1,2 , several groups have carried out similar compression experiments on metallic glass micropillars and reported a correlation between reduced size and several mechanical properties: maximum plastic strain before failure 9 , yield strength 10–17 and deformation mode 9,10 ; however, most of them are inconsistent. 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