A dose of nature: Tree cover, stress reduction, and gender differences. Jiang, B., Chang, C., & Sullivan, W. Landscape and Urban Planning, 132:26–36, 2014. ![A dose of nature: Tree cover, stress reduction, and gender differences [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper doi abstract bibtex Although it is well established that exposure to nearby nature can help reduce stress in individuals, the shape of the dose-response curve is entirely unclear. To establish this dose-response curve, we recruited 160 individuals for a laboratory experiment. Participants engaged in the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to induce psychological stress, and were then randomly assigned to view one of ten, 6-min, 3-D videos of neighborhood streets. The density of tree cover in the videos varied from 1.7% to 62.0%. We measured their stress reactions by assessing salivary cortisol and skin conductance levels. Results show a clear disparity between women and men. For women, we found no relationship between varying densities of tree cover and stress recovery. For men, the dose-response curve was an inverted-U shape: as tree cover density increased from 1.7% to 24%, stress recovery increased. Tree density between 24% to 34% resulted in no change in stress recovery. Tree densities above 34% were associated with slower recovery times. A quadratic regression using tree cover density as the independent variable and a summary stress index as the dependent variable substantiated these results [R2=.22, F (2, 68)=9.70, p<.001]. The implications for our understanding of the impacts of nearby nature, and for the practice of planning and landscape architecture are discussed. © 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.
@article{jiang_dose_2014,
title = {A dose of nature: {Tree} cover, stress reduction, and gender differences},
volume = {132},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84907510353&doi=10.1016%2fj.landurbplan.2014.08.005&partnerID=40&md5=5a3202fc5e8aa4629b07a46d9f320024},
doi = {10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.08.005},
abstract = {Although it is well established that exposure to nearby nature can help reduce stress in individuals, the shape of the dose-response curve is entirely unclear. To establish this dose-response curve, we recruited 160 individuals for a laboratory experiment. Participants engaged in the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to induce psychological stress, and were then randomly assigned to view one of ten, 6-min, 3-D videos of neighborhood streets. The density of tree cover in the videos varied from 1.7\% to 62.0\%. We measured their stress reactions by assessing salivary cortisol and skin conductance levels. Results show a clear disparity between women and men. For women, we found no relationship between varying densities of tree cover and stress recovery. For men, the dose-response curve was an inverted-U shape: as tree cover density increased from 1.7\% to 24\%, stress recovery increased. Tree density between 24\% to 34\% resulted in no change in stress recovery. Tree densities above 34\% were associated with slower recovery times. A quadratic regression using tree cover density as the independent variable and a summary stress index as the dependent variable substantiated these results [R2=.22, F (2, 68)=9.70, p\<.001]. The implications for our understanding of the impacts of nearby nature, and for the practice of planning and landscape architecture are discussed. © 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.},
journal = {Landscape and Urban Planning},
author = {Jiang, B. and Chang, C.-Y. and Sullivan, W.C.},
year = {2014},
keywords = {3-D visual media, Dose-response curve, Salivary cortisol, Skin conductance, Stress reduction, Tree cover density},
pages = {26--36},
}
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The density of tree cover in the videos varied from 1.7% to 62.0%. We measured their stress reactions by assessing salivary cortisol and skin conductance levels. Results show a clear disparity between women and men. For women, we found no relationship between varying densities of tree cover and stress recovery. For men, the dose-response curve was an inverted-U shape: as tree cover density increased from 1.7% to 24%, stress recovery increased. Tree density between 24% to 34% resulted in no change in stress recovery. Tree densities above 34% were associated with slower recovery times. A quadratic regression using tree cover density as the independent variable and a summary stress index as the dependent variable substantiated these results [R2=.22, F (2, 68)=9.70, p<.001]. 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