COALAS: I. ATCA CO(1-0) survey and luminosity function in the Spiderweb protocluster at z=2.16. Jin, S., Dannerbauer, H., Emonts, B., Serra, P., Lagos, C. D. P., Thomson, A. P., Bassini, L., Lehnert, M., Allison, J. R., Champagne, J. B., Indermuhle, B., Norris, R. P., Seymour, N., Shimakawa, R., Casey, C. M., De Breuck, C., Drouart, G., Hatch, N., Kodama, T., Koyama, Y., Macgregor, P., Miley, G., Overzier, R., Perez-Martinez, J. M., Rodriguez-Espinosa, J. M., Rottgering, H., Sanchez Portal, M., & Ziegler, B. arXiv e-prints, 2103:arXiv:2103.08884, March, 2021. Paper abstract bibtex We report a detailed CO(1-0) survey of a galaxy protocluster field at \$z=2.16\$, based on 475 hours of observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. We constructed a large mosaic of 13 individual pointings, covering an area of 21 arcmin\${\textasciicircum}2\$ and \${\textbackslash}pm6500\$ km/s range in velocity. We obtain a robust sample of 46 CO(1-0) detections spanning \$z=2.09-2.22\$, constituting the largest sample of molecular gas measurements in protoclusters to date. The CO emitters show an overdensity at \$z=2.12-2.21\$, suggesting a galaxy super-protocluster or a protocluster connected to large-scale filaments with \textasciitilde120 cMpc size. We find that 90% CO emitters have distances \${\textgreater}0'.5-4'\$ to the center galaxy, indicating that small area surveys would miss the majority of gas reservoirs in similar structures. Half of the CO emitters have velocities larger than escape velocities, which appears gravitationally unbound to the cluster core. These unbound sources are barely found within the \$R_\{200\}\$ radius around the center, which is consistent with a picture in which the cluster core is collapsed while outer regions are still in formation. Compared to other protoclusters, this structure contains relatively more CO emitters with relatively narrow line width and high luminosity, indicating galaxy mergers. We use these CO emitters to place the first constraint on the CO luminosity function and molecular gas density in an overdense environment. The amplitude of the CO luminosity function is 1.6\${\textbackslash}pm\$0.5 orders of magnitudes higher than observed for field galaxy samples at \$z{\textbackslash}sim2\$, and one order of magnitude higher than predictions for galaxy protoclusters from semi-analytical SHARK models. We derive a high molecular gas density of \$0.6-1.3{\textbackslash}times10{\textasciicircum}\{9\}\$ \$M_{\textbackslash}odot\$ cMpc\${\textasciicircum}\{-3\}\$ for this structure, consistent with predictions for cold gas density of massive structures from hydro-dynamical DIANOGA simulations.
@article{jin_coalas_2021,
title = {{COALAS}: {I}. {ATCA} {CO}(1-0) survey and luminosity function in the {Spiderweb} protocluster at z=2.16},
volume = {2103},
shorttitle = {{COALAS}},
url = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021arXiv210308884J},
abstract = {We report a detailed CO(1-0) survey of a galaxy protocluster field at
\$z=2.16\$, based on 475 hours of observations with the Australia
Telescope Compact Array. We constructed a large mosaic of 13 individual
pointings, covering an area of 21 arcmin\${\textasciicircum}2\$ and \${\textbackslash}pm6500\$ km/s range in
velocity. We obtain a robust sample of 46 CO(1-0) detections spanning
\$z=2.09-2.22\$, constituting the largest sample of molecular gas
measurements in protoclusters to date. The CO emitters show an
overdensity at \$z=2.12-2.21\$, suggesting a galaxy super-protocluster or
a protocluster connected to large-scale filaments with {\textasciitilde}120 cMpc size.
We find that 90\% CO emitters have distances \${\textgreater}0'.5-4'\$ to the center
galaxy, indicating that small area surveys would miss the majority of
gas reservoirs in similar structures. Half of the CO emitters have
velocities larger than escape velocities, which appears gravitationally
unbound to the cluster core. These unbound sources are barely found
within the \$R\_\{200\}\$ radius around the center, which is consistent with
a picture in which the cluster core is collapsed while outer regions are
still in formation. Compared to other protoclusters, this structure
contains relatively more CO emitters with relatively narrow line width
and high luminosity, indicating galaxy mergers. We use these CO emitters
to place the first constraint on the CO luminosity function and
molecular gas density in an overdense environment. The amplitude of the
CO luminosity function is 1.6\${\textbackslash}pm\$0.5 orders of magnitudes higher than
observed for field galaxy samples at \$z{\textbackslash}sim2\$, and one order of
magnitude higher than predictions for galaxy protoclusters from
semi-analytical SHARK models. We derive a high molecular gas density of
\$0.6-1.3{\textbackslash}times10{\textasciicircum}\{9\}\$ \$M\_{\textbackslash}odot\$ cMpc\${\textasciicircum}\{-3\}\$ for this structure,
consistent with predictions for cold gas density of massive structures
from hydro-dynamical DIANOGA simulations.},
urldate = {2021-03-23},
journal = {arXiv e-prints},
author = {Jin, S. and Dannerbauer, H. and Emonts, B. and Serra, P. and Lagos, C. D. P. and Thomson, A. P. and Bassini, L. and Lehnert, M. and Allison, J. R. and Champagne, J. B. and Indermuhle, B. and Norris, R. P. and Seymour, N. and Shimakawa, R. and Casey, C. M. and De Breuck, C. and Drouart, G. and Hatch, N. and Kodama, T. and Koyama, Y. and Macgregor, P. and Miley, G. and Overzier, R. and Perez-Martinez, J. M. and Rodriguez-Espinosa, J. M. and Rottgering, H. and Sanchez Portal, M. and Ziegler, B.},
month = mar,
year = {2021},
keywords = {Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics},
pages = {arXiv:2103.08884},
}
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{"_id":"48hRCTLhJMFhtFpNL","bibbaseid":"jin-dannerbauer-emonts-serra-lagos-thomson-bassini-lehnert-etal-coalasiatcaco10surveyandluminosityfunctioninthespiderwebprotoclusteratz216-2021","author_short":["Jin, S.","Dannerbauer, H.","Emonts, B.","Serra, P.","Lagos, C. D. P.","Thomson, A. P.","Bassini, L.","Lehnert, M.","Allison, J. R.","Champagne, J. B.","Indermuhle, B.","Norris, R. P.","Seymour, N.","Shimakawa, R.","Casey, C. M.","De Breuck, C.","Drouart, G.","Hatch, N.","Kodama, T.","Koyama, Y.","Macgregor, P.","Miley, G.","Overzier, R.","Perez-Martinez, J. M.","Rodriguez-Espinosa, J. M.","Rottgering, H.","Sanchez Portal, M.","Ziegler, B."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"COALAS: I. ATCA CO(1-0) survey and luminosity function in the Spiderweb protocluster at z=2.16","volume":"2103","shorttitle":"COALAS","url":"http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021arXiv210308884J","abstract":"We report a detailed CO(1-0) survey of a galaxy protocluster field at \\$z=2.16\\$, based on 475 hours of observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array. We constructed a large mosaic of 13 individual pointings, covering an area of 21 arcmin\\${\\textasciicircum}2\\$ and \\${\\textbackslash}pm6500\\$ km/s range in velocity. We obtain a robust sample of 46 CO(1-0) detections spanning \\$z=2.09-2.22\\$, constituting the largest sample of molecular gas measurements in protoclusters to date. The CO emitters show an overdensity at \\$z=2.12-2.21\\$, suggesting a galaxy super-protocluster or a protocluster connected to large-scale filaments with \\textasciitilde120 cMpc size. We find that 90% CO emitters have distances \\${\\textgreater}0'.5-4'\\$ to the center galaxy, indicating that small area surveys would miss the majority of gas reservoirs in similar structures. Half of the CO emitters have velocities larger than escape velocities, which appears gravitationally unbound to the cluster core. These unbound sources are barely found within the \\$R_\\{200\\}\\$ radius around the center, which is consistent with a picture in which the cluster core is collapsed while outer regions are still in formation. Compared to other protoclusters, this structure contains relatively more CO emitters with relatively narrow line width and high luminosity, indicating galaxy mergers. We use these CO emitters to place the first constraint on the CO luminosity function and molecular gas density in an overdense environment. The amplitude of the CO luminosity function is 1.6\\${\\textbackslash}pm\\$0.5 orders of magnitudes higher than observed for field galaxy samples at \\$z{\\textbackslash}sim2\\$, and one order of magnitude higher than predictions for galaxy protoclusters from semi-analytical SHARK models. We derive a high molecular gas density of \\$0.6-1.3{\\textbackslash}times10{\\textasciicircum}\\{9\\}\\$ \\$M_{\\textbackslash}odot\\$ cMpc\\${\\textasciicircum}\\{-3\\}\\$ for this structure, consistent with predictions for cold gas density of massive structures from hydro-dynamical DIANOGA simulations.","urldate":"2021-03-23","journal":"arXiv e-prints","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Jin"],"firstnames":["S."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Dannerbauer"],"firstnames":["H."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Emonts"],"firstnames":["B."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Serra"],"firstnames":["P."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lagos"],"firstnames":["C.","D.","P."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Thomson"],"firstnames":["A.","P."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Bassini"],"firstnames":["L."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lehnert"],"firstnames":["M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Allison"],"firstnames":["J.","R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Champagne"],"firstnames":["J.","B."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Indermuhle"],"firstnames":["B."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Norris"],"firstnames":["R.","P."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Seymour"],"firstnames":["N."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Shimakawa"],"firstnames":["R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Casey"],"firstnames":["C.","M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["De","Breuck"],"firstnames":["C."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Drouart"],"firstnames":["G."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hatch"],"firstnames":["N."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kodama"],"firstnames":["T."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Koyama"],"firstnames":["Y."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Macgregor"],"firstnames":["P."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Miley"],"firstnames":["G."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Overzier"],"firstnames":["R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Perez-Martinez"],"firstnames":["J.","M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rodriguez-Espinosa"],"firstnames":["J.","M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rottgering"],"firstnames":["H."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Sanchez","Portal"],"firstnames":["M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ziegler"],"firstnames":["B."],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"March","year":"2021","keywords":"Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics","pages":"arXiv:2103.08884","bibtex":"@article{jin_coalas_2021,\n\ttitle = {{COALAS}: {I}. {ATCA} {CO}(1-0) survey and luminosity function in the {Spiderweb} protocluster at z=2.16},\n\tvolume = {2103},\n\tshorttitle = {{COALAS}},\n\turl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021arXiv210308884J},\n\tabstract = {We report a detailed CO(1-0) survey of a galaxy protocluster field at \n\\$z=2.16\\$, based on 475 hours of observations with the Australia\nTelescope Compact Array. We constructed a large mosaic of 13 individual\npointings, covering an area of 21 arcmin\\${\\textasciicircum}2\\$ and \\${\\textbackslash}pm6500\\$ km/s range in\nvelocity. We obtain a robust sample of 46 CO(1-0) detections spanning\n\\$z=2.09-2.22\\$, constituting the largest sample of molecular gas\nmeasurements in protoclusters to date. The CO emitters show an\noverdensity at \\$z=2.12-2.21\\$, suggesting a galaxy super-protocluster or\na protocluster connected to large-scale filaments with {\\textasciitilde}120 cMpc size.\nWe find that 90\\% CO emitters have distances \\${\\textgreater}0'.5-4'\\$ to the center\ngalaxy, indicating that small area surveys would miss the majority of\ngas reservoirs in similar structures. Half of the CO emitters have\nvelocities larger than escape velocities, which appears gravitationally\nunbound to the cluster core. These unbound sources are barely found\nwithin the \\$R\\_\\{200\\}\\$ radius around the center, which is consistent with\na picture in which the cluster core is collapsed while outer regions are\nstill in formation. Compared to other protoclusters, this structure\ncontains relatively more CO emitters with relatively narrow line width\nand high luminosity, indicating galaxy mergers. We use these CO emitters\nto place the first constraint on the CO luminosity function and\nmolecular gas density in an overdense environment. The amplitude of the\nCO luminosity function is 1.6\\${\\textbackslash}pm\\$0.5 orders of magnitudes higher than\nobserved for field galaxy samples at \\$z{\\textbackslash}sim2\\$, and one order of\nmagnitude higher than predictions for galaxy protoclusters from\nsemi-analytical SHARK models. We derive a high molecular gas density of\n\\$0.6-1.3{\\textbackslash}times10{\\textasciicircum}\\{9\\}\\$ \\$M\\_{\\textbackslash}odot\\$ cMpc\\${\\textasciicircum}\\{-3\\}\\$ for this structure,\nconsistent with predictions for cold gas density of massive structures\nfrom hydro-dynamical DIANOGA simulations.},\n\turldate = {2021-03-23},\n\tjournal = {arXiv e-prints},\n\tauthor = {Jin, S. and Dannerbauer, H. and Emonts, B. and Serra, P. and Lagos, C. D. P. and Thomson, A. P. and Bassini, L. and Lehnert, M. and Allison, J. R. and Champagne, J. B. and Indermuhle, B. and Norris, R. P. and Seymour, N. and Shimakawa, R. and Casey, C. M. and De Breuck, C. and Drouart, G. and Hatch, N. and Kodama, T. and Koyama, Y. and Macgregor, P. and Miley, G. and Overzier, R. and Perez-Martinez, J. M. and Rodriguez-Espinosa, J. 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ATCA CO(1-0) survey and luminosity function in the Spiderweb protocluster at z=2.16","year":2021}