Gas morphology and energetics at the surface of PDRs: New insights with Herschel observations of NGC 7023. Joblin, C., Pilleri, P., Montillaud, J., Fuente, A., Gerin, M., Berné, O., Ossenkopf, V., Le Bourlot, J., Teyssier, D., Goicoechea, J. R., Le Petit, F., Röllig, M., Akyilmaz, M., Benz, A. O., Boulanger, F., Bruderer, S., Dedes, C., France, K., Güsten, R., Harris, A., Klein, T., Kramer, C., Lord, S. D., Martin, P. G., Martin-Pintado, J., Mookerjea, B., Okada, Y., Phillips, T. G., Rizzo, J. R., Simon, R., Stutzki, J., Van Der Tak, F., Yorke, H. W., Steinmetz, E., Jarchow, C., Hartogh, P., Honingh, C. E., Siebertz, O., Caux, E., & Colin, B. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 521:L25, 2010.
Gas morphology and energetics at the surface of PDRs: New insights with Herschel observations of NGC 7023 [link]Mendeley  Gas morphology and energetics at the surface of PDRs: New insights with Herschel observations of NGC 7023 [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Context. We investigate the physics and chemistry of the gas and dust in dense photon-dominated regions (PDRs), along with their dependence on the illuminating UV field. Aims: Using Herschel/HIFI observations, we study the gas energetics in NGC 7023 in relation to the morphology of this nebula. NGC 7023 is the prototype of a PDR illuminated by a B2V star and is one of the key targets of Herschel. Methods: Our approach consists in determining the energetics of the region by combining the information carried by the mid-IR spectrum (extinction by classical grains, emission from very small dust particles) with that of the main gas coolant lines. In this letter, we discuss more specifically the intensity and line profile of the 158 m (1901 GHz) C ii line measured by HIFI and provide information on the emitting gas. Results: We show that both the C ii emission and the mid-IR emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) arise from the regions located in the transition zone between atomic and molecular gas. Using the Meudon PDR code and a simple transfer model, we find good agreement between the calculated and observed C ii intensities. Conclusions: HIFI observations of NGC 7023 provide the opportunity to constrain the energetics at the surface of PDRs. Future work will include analysis of the main coolant line O i and use of a new PDR model that includes PAH-related species. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.
@article{ mendeley_4072918613,
  isauthor = {1},
  abstract = {Context. We investigate the physics and chemistry of the gas and dust in dense photon-dominated regions (PDRs), along with their dependence on the illuminating UV field. Aims: Using Herschel/HIFI observations, we study the gas energetics in NGC 7023 in relation to the morphology of this nebula. NGC 7023 is the prototype of a PDR illuminated by a B2V star and is one of the key targets of Herschel. Methods: Our approach consists in determining the energetics of the region by combining the information carried by the mid-IR spectrum (extinction by classical grains, emission from very small dust particles) with that of the main gas coolant lines. In this letter, we discuss more specifically the intensity and line profile of the 158 m (1901 GHz) C ii line measured by HIFI and provide information on the emitting gas. Results: We show that both the C ii emission and the mid-IR emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) arise from the regions located in the transition zone between atomic and molecular gas. Using the Meudon PDR code and a simple transfer model, we find good agreement between the calculated and observed C ii intensities. Conclusions: HIFI observations of NGC 7023 provide the opportunity to constrain the energetics at the surface of PDRs. Future work will include analysis of the main coolant line O i and use of a new PDR model that includes PAH-related species. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.},
  canonical_id = {479fe570-1d2d-11e0-a67b-0024e8453de6},
  added = {1314289731},
  year = {2010},
  keywords = {ism, kinematics dynamics, molecules, structure, submillimeter},
  isstarred = {0},
  id = {4072918613},
  discipline = {Astronomy / Astrophysics / Space Science},
  journal = {Astronomy & Astrophysics},
  title = {Gas morphology and energetics at the surface of PDRs: New insights with Herschel observations of NGC 7023},
  deletionpending = {0},
  version = {1340787651},
  type = {Journal Article},
  url_mendeley = {http://www.mendeley.com//research/gas-morphology-energetics-surface-pdrs-new-insights-herschel-observations-ngc-7023-1//},
  volume = {521},
  isread = {0},
  author = {C {Joblin} and P {Pilleri} and J {Montillaud} and A {Fuente} and M {Gerin} and O {Berné} and V {Ossenkopf} and J {Le Bourlot} and D {Teyssier} and J R {Goicoechea} and F {Le Petit} and M {Röllig} and M {Akyilmaz} and A O {Benz} and F {Boulanger} and S {Bruderer} and C {Dedes} and K {France} and R {Güsten} and A {Harris} and T {Klein} and C {Kramer} and S D {Lord} and P G {Martin} and J {Martin-Pintado} and B {Mookerjea} and Y {Okada} and T G {Phillips} and J R {Rizzo} and R {Simon} and J {Stutzki} and F {Van Der Tak} and H W {Yorke} and E {Steinmetz} and C {Jarchow} and P {Hartogh} and C E {Honingh} and O {Siebertz} and E {Caux} and B {Colin}},
  pages = {L25},
  doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201015129},
  url = {http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201015129},
  issn = {00046361},
  modified = {1340787651},
  citation_key = {Joblin2010},
  journal = {Astronomy & Astrophysics},
  subdiscipline = {Interstellar Matter}
}
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