Gambling and problematic gambling with money among Norwegian youth (12-18 years). Johansson, A. & Gotestam, K. G. Journal of Psychiatry, 57(4):317–321, 2003.
abstract   bibtex   
An epidemiological study was performed on a representative sample of the Norwegian youth population (12-18 years; n=3237; response rate 45.2%). The proportion that never gambled was 17.6% and a majority (57.5%) gambled seldom, whereas 24.9% gambled weekly (36.2% of the males and 13.1% of the females). In relation to problematic gambling, the results showed that 1.76% had pathological gambling (2.79% in men and 0.69% in females) and 3.46% "at-risk" gambling. Problematic gambling (pathological gambling plus "at-risk" gambling) was 5.22% (7.82% of the males and 2.52% of the females). The group gambling frequently (at least weekly) was used to calculate pathological gambling and "at-risk" gambling. This resulted in high values, with 7.08% with pathological gambling (7.69% of males and 5.31% of females) and an additional 13.91% with "at-risk" gambling. The DSM-IV, with only 10 questions, gives a conservative estimate of pathological gambling. Slot machines proved the most popular game with 81.8%, followed by football tip (70.8%), Lotto (68.7%) and lotteries (39.4%). When it comes to problematic and pathological gambling, Lotto ranked high compared to other plays that were used more frequently.
@article{johansson_gambling_2003,
	title = {Gambling and problematic gambling with money among {Norwegian} youth (12-18 years)},
	volume = {57},
	copyright = {From MEDLINE, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.},
	issn = {0803-9488},
	abstract = {An epidemiological study was performed on a representative sample of the Norwegian youth population (12-18 years; n=3237; response rate 45.2\%). The proportion that never gambled was 17.6\% and a majority (57.5\%) gambled seldom, whereas 24.9\% gambled weekly (36.2\% of the males and 13.1\% of the females). In relation to problematic gambling, the results showed that 1.76\% had pathological gambling (2.79\% in men and 0.69\% in females) and 3.46\% "at-risk" gambling. Problematic gambling (pathological gambling plus "at-risk" gambling) was 5.22\% (7.82\% of the males and 2.52\% of the females). The group gambling frequently (at least weekly) was used to calculate pathological gambling and "at-risk" gambling. This resulted in high values, with 7.08\% with pathological gambling (7.69\% of males and 5.31\% of females) and an additional 13.91\% with "at-risk" gambling. The DSM-IV, with only 10 questions, gives a conservative estimate of pathological gambling. Slot machines proved the most popular game with 81.8\%, followed by football tip (70.8\%), Lotto (68.7\%) and lotteries (39.4\%). When it comes to problematic and pathological gambling, Lotto ranked high compared to other plays that were used more frequently.},
	language = {English},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Journal of Psychiatry},
	author = {Johansson, Agneta and Gotestam, K. Gunnar},
	year = {2003},
	pmid = {12888408},
	pages = {317--321},
}

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