Optimization of the flight technique in ski jumping: The influence of wind. Jung, A., Müller, W., & Staat, M. Journal of Biomechanics, 88:190-193, 5, 2019. ![Optimization of the flight technique in ski jumping: The influence of wind [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Website doi abstract bibtex Ski jumping performance is strongly affected by wind. Flight technique optimization for maximizing jump length is a highly complex motor-control task that also depends on the wind. Pontryagin's minimum principle was used in this study to gain a better understanding on how wind influences flight technique optimization. Optimum time courses of the angle of attack α of the skis and of the body-to-ski angle β were computed for seven realistic wind scenarios on the large hill and on the flying hill. The optimum values of α were smaller at headwind, and larger at tailwind when compared to the optimum time course at calm wind. The optimum values of β were the smallest possible ones at the given flight technique constraints, except for the last part of the flight. Optimum adjustments of α increased the jump lengths between 0 and 1.8 m on the large hill, and between 0 and 6.4 m on the flying hill. Maximum jump length increases were achieved at the highest headwind speed. Even larger jump length effects can be achieved by using smaller β-angles, which might be possible in headwind conditions, but this is associated with increased problems to keep the flight stable.
@article{
title = {Optimization of the flight technique in ski jumping: The influence of wind},
type = {article},
year = {2019},
keywords = {Computer simulation,Optimal control,Ski flying,Sport aerodynamics,Winter sports},
pages = {190-193},
volume = {88},
websites = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0021929019302015,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30940358},
month = {5},
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last_modified = {2020-03-12T21:44:00.059Z},
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abstract = {Ski jumping performance is strongly affected by wind. Flight technique optimization for maximizing jump length is a highly complex motor-control task that also depends on the wind. Pontryagin's minimum principle was used in this study to gain a better understanding on how wind influences flight technique optimization. Optimum time courses of the angle of attack α of the skis and of the body-to-ski angle β were computed for seven realistic wind scenarios on the large hill and on the flying hill. The optimum values of α were smaller at headwind, and larger at tailwind when compared to the optimum time course at calm wind. The optimum values of β were the smallest possible ones at the given flight technique constraints, except for the last part of the flight. Optimum adjustments of α increased the jump lengths between 0 and 1.8 m on the large hill, and between 0 and 6.4 m on the flying hill. Maximum jump length increases were achieved at the highest headwind speed. Even larger jump length effects can be achieved by using smaller β-angles, which might be possible in headwind conditions, but this is associated with increased problems to keep the flight stable.},
bibtype = {article},
author = {Jung, Alexander and Müller, Wolfram and Staat, Manfred},
doi = {10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.03.023},
journal = {Journal of Biomechanics}
}
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