@article{
 title = {Identifying the progenitor set of present-day early-type galaxies: a view from the standard model},
 type = {article},
 year = {2009},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {cd,elliptical and lenticular,evolution,formation,fundamental,galaxies},
 pages = {445-458},
 volume = {503},
 websites = {http://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200810483,http://arxiv.org/abs/1001.2212%5Cnhttp://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200810483},
 month = {8},
 publisher = {EDP Sciences},
 id = {1381a497-841b-3068-a1fb-2ad0cdbdf149},
 created = {2017-03-14T03:33:26.000Z},
 accessed = {2017-02-01},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {d9ca9665-cda3-3617-b3e8-ecfc7a8d9739},
 group_id = {5a95a0b6-1946-397c-b16a-114c6fdf3127},
 last_modified = {2017-03-21T07:30:39.495Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Kaviraj2009},
 notes = {NULL},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {We present a comprehensive theoretical study, using a semi-analytical model within the standard LCDM framework, of the photometric properties of the progenitors of present-day early-type galaxies in the redshift range 0<z<1. We explore progenitors of all morphologies and study their characteristics as a function of the luminosity and local environment of the early-type remnant at z=0. In agreement with previous studies, we find that, while larger early-types are generally assembled later, their luminosity-weighted stellar ages are typically older. In dense cluster-like environments, 70% of early-type systems are `in place' by z=1 and evolve without interactions thereafter, while in the field the corresponding value is 30%. Averaging across all environments at z~1, less than 50% of the stellar mass which ends up in early-types today is actually in early-type progenitors at this redshift, in agreement with recent observational work. We develop probabilistic prescriptions which provide a means of including spiral (i.e. non early-type) progenitors at intermediate and high redshifts, based on their luminosity and optical colours. For example, we find that, at intermediate redshifts (z~0.5), large (M_V<-21.5), red (B-V>0.7) spirals have 75-95% chance of being an early-type progenitor, while the corresponding probability for large blue spirals (M_B<-21.5, B-V<0.7) is 50-75%. The prescriptions developed here can be used to address, from the perspective of the standard model, the issue of `progenitor bias', whereby the exclusion of late-type progenitors in observational studies can lead to inaccurate conclusions regarding the evolution of the early-type population over cosmic time. (abridged)},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Kaviraj, Sugata and Devriendt, J. E. G. and Ferreras, Ignacio and Yi, S. K. and Silk, Joseph},
 journal = {Astronomy & Astrophysics},
 number = {2}
}

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