microRNA neural networks improve diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

microRNA neural networks improve diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Kayvanpour, E., Gi, W., Sedaghat-Hamedani, F., Lehmann, D. H., Frese, K. S., Haas, J., Tappu, R., Samani, O. S., Nietsch, R., Kahraman, M., Fehlmann, T., Müller-Hennessen, M., Weis, T., Giannitsis, E., Niederdränk, T., Keller, A., Katus, H. A., & Meder, B. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, 04, 2020.
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Background Cardiac troponins are the preferred biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction. Despite superior sensitivity, serial testing of Troponins to identify patients suffering acute coronary syndromes is still required in many cases to overcome limited specificity. Moreover, unstable angina pectoris relies on reported symptoms in the troponin-negative group. In this study, we investigated genome-wide miRNA levels in a prospective cohort of patients with clinically suspected ACS and determined their diagnostic value by applying an in silico neural network. Methods PAXgene blood and serum samples were drawn and hsTnT was measured in patients at initial presentation to our Chest-Pain Unit. After clinical and diagnostic workup, patients were adjudicated by senior cardiologists in duty to their final diagnosis: STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina pectoris and non-ACS patients. ACS patients and a cohort of healthy controls underwent deep transcriptome sequencing. Machine learning was implemented to construct diagnostic miRNA classifiers. Results We developed a neural network model which incorporates 34 validated ACS miRNAs, showing excellent classification results. By further developing additional machine learning models and selecting the best miRNAs, we achieved an accuracy of 0.96 (95% CI 0.96–0.97), sensitivity of 0.95, specificity of 0.96 and AUC of 0.99. The one-point hsTnT value reached an accuracy of 0.89, sensitivity of 0.82, specificity of 0.96, and AUC of 0.96. Conclusions Here we show the concept of neural network based biomarkers for ACS. This approach also opens the possibility to include multi-modal data points to further increase precision and perform classification of other ACS differential diagnoses.

@Article{KAYVANPOUR2020,
author = {Elham Kayvanpour and Weng-Tein Gi and Farbod Sedaghat-Hamedani and David H. Lehmann and Karen S. Frese and Jan Haas and Rewati Tappu and Omid Shirvani Samani and Rouven Nietsch and Mustafa Kahraman and Tobias Fehlmann and Matthias Müller-Hennessen and Tanja Weis and Evangelos Giannitsis and Torsten Niederdränk and Andreas Keller and Hugo A. Katus and Benjamin Meder},
title = {microRNA neural networks improve diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)},
journal = {Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology},
year = {2020},
month = {04},
abstract = {Background Cardiac troponins are the preferred biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction. Despite superior sensitivity, serial testing of Troponins to identify patients suffering acute coronary syndromes is still required in many cases to overcome limited specificity. Moreover, unstable angina pectoris relies on reported symptoms in the troponin-negative group. In this study, we investigated genome-wide miRNA levels in a prospective cohort of patients with clinically suspected ACS and determined their diagnostic value by applying an in silico neural network. Methods PAXgene blood and serum samples were drawn and hsTnT was measured in patients at initial presentation to our Chest-Pain Unit. After clinical and diagnostic workup, patients were adjudicated by senior cardiologists in duty to their final diagnosis: STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina pectoris and non-ACS patients. ACS patients and a cohort of healthy controls underwent deep transcriptome sequencing. Machine learning was implemented to construct diagnostic miRNA classifiers. Results We developed a neural network model which incorporates 34 validated ACS miRNAs, showing excellent classification results. By further developing additional machine learning models and selecting the best miRNAs, we achieved an accuracy of 0.96 (95% CI 0.96–0.97), sensitivity of 0.95, specificity of 0.96 and AUC of 0.99. The one-point hsTnT value reached an accuracy of 0.89, sensitivity of 0.82, specificity of 0.96, and AUC of 0.96. Conclusions Here we show the concept of neural network based biomarkers for ACS. This approach also opens the possibility to include multi-modal data points to further increase precision and perform classification of other ACS differential diagnoses.},
doi = {10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.04.014},
pii = {10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.04.014},
}

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