Party Platforms, Mandates, and Government Spending. King, G., Laver, M., Hofferbert, R. I., Budge, I., & McDonald, M. D. American Political Science Review, 87(3):744--750, 1993.
Party Platforms, Mandates, and Government Spending [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
In their 1990 Review article, Ian Budge and Richard Hofferbert analyzed the relationship between party platform emphases, control of the White House, and national government spending priorities, reporting strong evidence of a \dqparty mandate\dq connection between them. Gary King and Michael Laver successfully replicate the original analysis, critique the interpretation of the causal effects, and present a reanalysis showing that platforms have small or nonexistent effects on spending. In response, Budge, Hofferbert, and Michael McDonald agree that their language was somewhat inconsistent on both interactions and causality but defend their conceptualization of \dqmandates\dq as involving only an association, not necessarily a causal connection, between party commitments and government policy. Hence, while the causes of government policy are of interest, noncausal associations are sufficient as evidence of party mandates in American politics.
@article{ king_party_1993,
  title = {Party {Platforms}, {Mandates}, and {Government} {Spending}},
  volume = {87},
  issn = {0003-0554},
  url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/2938748},
  abstract = {In their 1990 Review article, Ian Budge and Richard Hofferbert analyzed the relationship between party platform emphases, control of the White House, and national government spending priorities, reporting strong evidence of a {\}dqparty mandate{\}dq connection between them. Gary King and Michael Laver successfully replicate the original analysis, critique the interpretation of the causal effects, and present a reanalysis showing that platforms have small or nonexistent effects on spending. In response, Budge, Hofferbert, and Michael McDonald agree that their language was somewhat inconsistent on both interactions and causality but defend their conceptualization of {\}dqmandates{\}dq as involving only an association, not necessarily a causal connection, between party commitments and government policy. Hence, while the causes of government policy are of interest, noncausal associations are sufficient as evidence of party mandates in American politics.},
  number = {3},
  journal = {American Political Science Review},
  author = {King, Gary and Laver, Michael and Hofferbert, Richard I. and Budge, Ian and McDonald, Michael D.},
  year = {1993},
  pages = {744--750}
}

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