@Article{Knowlton1996,
  author   = {B. J. Knowlton and L. R. Squire},
  journal  = {J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn},
  title    = {Artificial grammar learning depends on implicit acquisition of both abstract and exemplar-specific information.},
  year     = {1996},
  number   = {1},
  pages    = {169-81},
  volume   = {22},
  abstract = {The contributions of exemplar-specific and abstract knowledge to artificial
	grammar learning were examined in amnesic patients and controls.
	In Experiment 1, grammatical rule adherence and chunk strength exerted
	separate effects on grammaticality judgments. Amnesic patients exhibited
	intact classification performance, demonstrating the same pattern
	of results as controls. In Experiment 2, amnesic patients exhibited
	impaired declarative memory for chunks. In Experiment 3, both amnesic
	patients and controls exhibited transfer when tested with a letter
	set different than the one used for training, although performance
	was better when the same letter sets were used at training and test.
	The results suggest that individuals learn both abstract information
	about training items and exemplar-specific information about chunk
	strength and that both types of learning occur independently of declarative
	memory.},
  doi      = {10.1037/0278-7393.22.1.169},
  groups   = {Implicit vs. declarative learning},
  keywords = {Age Factors, Aged, Amnesia, Com, Diencephalon, Hippocampus, Humans, Language, Memory, Middle Aged, Non-P.H.S., P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Verbal Learning, Wechsler Scales, parative Study, 8648284},
}

{"_id":"Qs5FGtCtw5hZmLtZE","bibbaseid":"knowlton-squire-artificialgrammarlearningdependsonimplicitacquisitionofbothabstractandexemplarspecificinformation-1996","author_short":["Knowlton, B. J.","Squire, L. R."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","author":[{"firstnames":["B.","J."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Knowlton"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["L.","R."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Squire"],"suffixes":[]}],"journal":"J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn","title":"Artificial grammar learning depends on implicit acquisition of both abstract and exemplar-specific information.","year":"1996","number":"1","pages":"169-81","volume":"22","abstract":"The contributions of exemplar-specific and abstract knowledge to artificial grammar learning were examined in amnesic patients and controls. In Experiment 1, grammatical rule adherence and chunk strength exerted separate effects on grammaticality judgments. Amnesic patients exhibited intact classification performance, demonstrating the same pattern of results as controls. In Experiment 2, amnesic patients exhibited impaired declarative memory for chunks. In Experiment 3, both amnesic patients and controls exhibited transfer when tested with a letter set different than the one used for training, although performance was better when the same letter sets were used at training and test. The results suggest that individuals learn both abstract information about training items and exemplar-specific information about chunk strength and that both types of learning occur independently of declarative memory.","doi":"10.1037/0278-7393.22.1.169","groups":"Implicit vs. declarative learning","keywords":"Age Factors, Aged, Amnesia, Com, Diencephalon, Hippocampus, Humans, Language, Memory, Middle Aged, Non-P.H.S., P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Verbal Learning, Wechsler Scales, parative Study, 8648284","bibtex":"@Article{Knowlton1996,\n author = {B. J. Knowlton and L. R. Squire},\n journal = {J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn},\n title = {Artificial grammar learning depends on implicit acquisition of both abstract and exemplar-specific information.},\n year = {1996},\n number = {1},\n pages = {169-81},\n volume = {22},\n abstract = {The contributions of exemplar-specific and abstract knowledge to artificial\n\tgrammar learning were examined in amnesic patients and controls.\n\tIn Experiment 1, grammatical rule adherence and chunk strength exerted\n\tseparate effects on grammaticality judgments. Amnesic patients exhibited\n\tintact classification performance, demonstrating the same pattern\n\tof results as controls. In Experiment 2, amnesic patients exhibited\n\timpaired declarative memory for chunks. In Experiment 3, both amnesic\n\tpatients and controls exhibited transfer when tested with a letter\n\tset different than the one used for training, although performance\n\twas better when the same letter sets were used at training and test.\n\tThe results suggest that individuals learn both abstract information\n\tabout training items and exemplar-specific information about chunk\n\tstrength and that both types of learning occur independently of declarative\n\tmemory.},\n doi = {10.1037/0278-7393.22.1.169},\n groups = {Implicit vs. declarative learning},\n keywords = {Age Factors, Aged, Amnesia, Com, Diencephalon, Hippocampus, Humans, Language, Memory, Middle Aged, Non-P.H.S., P.H.S., Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Verbal Learning, Wechsler Scales, parative Study, 8648284},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Knowlton, B. J.","Squire, L. R."],"key":"Knowlton1996","id":"Knowlton1996","bibbaseid":"knowlton-squire-artificialgrammarlearningdependsonimplicitacquisitionofbothabstractandexemplarspecificinformation-1996","role":"author","urls":{},"keyword":["Age Factors","Aged","Amnesia","Com","Diencephalon","Hippocampus","Humans","Language","Memory","Middle Aged","Non-P.H.S.","P.H.S.","Research Support","U.S. Gov't","Verbal Learning","Wechsler Scales","parative Study","8648284"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://endress.org/publications/ansgar.bib","dataSources":["xPGxHAeh3vZpx4yyE","TXa55dQbNoWnaGmMq"],"keywords":["age factors","aged","amnesia","com","diencephalon","hippocampus","humans","language","memory","middle aged","non-p.h.s.","p.h.s.","research support","u.s. gov't","verbal learning","wechsler scales","parative study","8648284"],"search_terms":["artificial","grammar","learning","depends","implicit","acquisition","both","abstract","exemplar","specific","information","knowlton","squire"],"title":"Artificial grammar learning depends on implicit acquisition of both abstract and exemplar-specific information.","year":1996}