Crystal violet-G-quadruplex complexes as fluorescent sensors for homogeneous detection of potassium ion. Kong, D., Guo, J., Yang, W., Ma, Y., & Shen, H. Biosensors & bioelectronics, 25(1):88–93, September, 2009.
Crystal violet-G-quadruplex complexes as fluorescent sensors for homogeneous detection of potassium ion. [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
A novel K(+) detection method was reported using a label-free G-quadruplex-forming oligonucleotide and a triphenylmethane fluorescent dye crystal violet (CV). This method is based on the fluorescence difference of some CV/G-quadruplex complexes in the presence of K(+) or Na(+), and the fluorescence change with the variation of K(+) concentration. According to the nature of the fluorescence change of CV as a function of ionic conditions, two K(+) detection modes can be developed. One is a fluorescence-decreasing mode, in which T(3)TT(3) (5'-GGGTTTGGGTGGGTTTGGG) is used, and the fluorescence of CV decreases with an increased concentration of K(+). The other is a fluorescence-increasing mode, in which Hum21 (5'-GGGTTAGGGTTAGGGTTAGGG) is used, and the fluorescence of CV increases with an increased concentration of K(+). Compared with some published K(+) detection methods, this method has some important characteristics, such as lower cost of the test, higher concentrations of Na(+) that can be tolerated, adjustable linear detection range and longer excitation and emission wavelengths. Preliminary results demonstrated that the method might be used in biological systems, for example in urine.
@article{Kong2009,
	title = {Crystal violet-{G}-quadruplex complexes as fluorescent sensors for homogeneous detection of potassium ion.},
	volume = {25},
	issn = {1873-4235},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19559594},
	doi = {10.1016/j.bios.2009.06.002},
	abstract = {A novel K(+) detection method was reported using a label-free G-quadruplex-forming oligonucleotide and a triphenylmethane fluorescent dye crystal violet (CV). This method is based on the fluorescence difference of some CV/G-quadruplex complexes in the presence of K(+) or Na(+), and the fluorescence change with the variation of K(+) concentration. According to the nature of the fluorescence change of CV as a function of ionic conditions, two K(+) detection modes can be developed. One is a fluorescence-decreasing mode, in which T(3)TT(3) (5'-GGGTTTGGGTGGGTTTGGG) is used, and the fluorescence of CV decreases with an increased concentration of K(+). The other is a fluorescence-increasing mode, in which Hum21 (5'-GGGTTAGGGTTAGGGTTAGGG) is used, and the fluorescence of CV increases with an increased concentration of K(+). Compared with some published K(+) detection methods, this method has some important characteristics, such as lower cost of the test, higher concentrations of Na(+) that can be tolerated, adjustable linear detection range and longer excitation and emission wavelengths. Preliminary results demonstrated that the method might be used in biological systems, for example in urine.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Biosensors \& bioelectronics},
	author = {Kong, De-Ming and Guo, Jun-Hong and Yang, Wei and Ma, Yong-E and Shen, Han-Xi},
	month = sep,
	year = {2009},
	pmid = {19559594},
	keywords = {\#nosource, Base Sequence, Biosensing Techniques, Biosensing Techniques: economics, Biosensing Techniques: methods, Circular Dichroism, Fluorescence, Fluorescent Dyes, Fluorescent Dyes: chemistry, G-Quadruplexes, Gentian Violet, Gentian Violet: chemistry, Oligonucleotides, Oligonucleotides: chemistry, Potassium, Potassium: analysis, Sensitivity and Specificity},
	pages = {88--93},
}

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