Discrimination of G-quadruplexes from duplex and single-stranded DNAs with fluorescence and energy-transfer fluorescence spectra of crystal violet. Kong, D., Ma, Y., Wu, J., & Shen, H. Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 15(4):901–9, January, 2009. tex.ids= kongDiscriminationGQuadruplexesDuplex2009 ISBN: 2223502458
Discrimination of G-quadruplexes from duplex and single-stranded DNAs with fluorescence and energy-transfer fluorescence spectra of crystal violet. [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
G-rich nucleic acid sequences with the potential to form G-quadruplex structures are common in biologically important regions. Most of these sequences are present with their complementary strands, so the development of a sensitive biosensor to distinguish G-quadruplex and duplex structures and to determine the competitive ability of quadruplex to duplex structures has received a great deal of attention. In this work, the interactions between two triphenylmethane dyes (malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV)) and G-quadruplex, duplex, or single-stranded DNAs were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and energy-transfer fluorescence spectroscopy. Good discrimination between quadruplexes and duplex or single-stranded DNAs can be achieved by using the fluorescence spectrum of CV or the energy-transfer fluorescence spectra of CV and MG. In addition, by using energy-transfer fluorescence titrations of CV with G-quadruplexes, the binding-stoichiometry ratios of CV to G-quadruplexes can be determined. By using the fluorescence titrations of G-quadruplex-CV complexes with C-rich complementary strands, the fraction of G-rich oligonucleotide that engages in G-quadruplex structures in the presence of the complementary sequence can be measured. This study may provide a simple method for discrimination between quadruplexes and duplex or single-stranded DNAs and for measuring G-quadruplex percentages in the presence of the complementary C-rich sequences.
@article{Kong2009,
	title = {Discrimination of {G}-quadruplexes from duplex and single-stranded {DNAs} with fluorescence and energy-transfer fluorescence spectra of crystal violet.},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {1521-3765},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19053101},
	doi = {10.1002/chem.200801441},
	abstract = {G-rich nucleic acid sequences with the potential to form G-quadruplex structures are common in biologically important regions. Most of these sequences are present with their complementary strands, so the development of a sensitive biosensor to distinguish G-quadruplex and duplex structures and to determine the competitive ability of quadruplex to duplex structures has received a great deal of attention. In this work, the interactions between two triphenylmethane dyes (malachite green (MG) and crystal violet (CV)) and G-quadruplex, duplex, or single-stranded DNAs were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and energy-transfer fluorescence spectroscopy. Good discrimination between quadruplexes and duplex or single-stranded DNAs can be achieved by using the fluorescence spectrum of CV or the energy-transfer fluorescence spectra of CV and MG. In addition, by using energy-transfer fluorescence titrations of CV with G-quadruplexes, the binding-stoichiometry ratios of CV to G-quadruplexes can be determined. By using the fluorescence titrations of G-quadruplex-CV complexes with C-rich complementary strands, the fraction of G-rich oligonucleotide that engages in G-quadruplex structures in the presence of the complementary sequence can be measured. This study may provide a simple method for discrimination between quadruplexes and duplex or single-stranded DNAs and for measuring G-quadruplex percentages in the presence of the complementary C-rich sequences.},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)},
	author = {Kong, De-Ming and Ma, Yong-E and Wu, Jing and Shen, Han-Xi},
	month = jan,
	year = {2009},
	pmid = {19053101},
	note = {tex.ids= kongDiscriminationGQuadruplexesDuplex2009
ISBN: 2223502458},
	keywords = {\#nosource, Circular Dichroism, DNA, DNA: chemistry, Energy Transfer, Fluorescence, Fluorescent Dyes, Fluorescent Dyes: chemistry, G-Quadruplexes, G-Quadruplexes: radiation effects, Gentian Violet, Gentian Violet: chemistry, Oligonucleotides, Oligonucleotides: chemistry, Single-Stranded, Single-Stranded: chemistry, Spectrometry},
	pages = {901--9},
}

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