Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.). Krakau, U. K., Liesebach, M., Aronen, T., Lelu-Walter, M. A., & Schneck, V. In Forest Tree Breeding in Europe, volume 25, of Managing Forest Ecosystems, pages 267–323. Springer Netherlands.
Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris L.) [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) is an economically very important and scientifically well investigated tree species of the northern hemisphere. Its requirements are moderate in terms of climate and soil conditions and its morphological variation is very high. The broad natural range of Scots pine occupies large areas with different climate conditions in Eurasia. Therefore the high number of species and ecotypes is not surprising. Provenance trials with Pinus sylvestris have been established since the end of the nineteenth century. Today the fundamental results of these provenance trials are highly relevant for seed transfer. The susceptibility to SO 2 and the low resistance to fungi and insects are accentuated when pine is planted in large pure stands. Pinus sylvestris is used especially as building and construction timber, for pulp and paper as well as for furniture. Scots pine has been in the focus of tree improvement which began around 100 years ago with provenance research. Later, breeding programmes were initiated with the selection of plus trees, the establishment of seed orchards and progeny testing in most countries where this species has some economic importance. Today the situation varies from one TreeBreedex country to another regarding breeding of Scots pine. There are countries with ongoing breeding programmes and others where these activities have been reduced significantly or stopped completely. This monograph summarizes the answers to a questionnaire about the situation of Scots pine and its breeding which was circulated among TreeBreedex members. The answers given are of varying quality. This monograph is based on these answers. It will not be a complete review of the literature on the topic of breeding Scots pine.
@incollection{krakauScotsPinePinus2013,
  title = {Scots Pine ({{Pinus}} Sylvestris {{L}}.)},
  booktitle = {Forest {{Tree Breeding}} in {{Europe}}},
  author = {Krakau, U. K. and Liesebach, M. and Aronen, T. and Lelu-Walter, M. A. and Schneck, V.},
  editor = {Pâques, Luc E.},
  date = {2013},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {267--323},
  publisher = {{Springer Netherlands}},
  doi = {10.1007/978-94-007-6146-9\\_6},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6146-9_6},
  abstract = {Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) is an economically very important and scientifically well investigated tree species of the northern hemisphere. Its requirements are moderate in terms of climate and soil conditions and its morphological variation is very high. The broad natural range of Scots pine occupies large areas with different climate conditions in Eurasia. Therefore the high number of species and ecotypes is not surprising. Provenance trials with Pinus sylvestris have been established since the end of the nineteenth century. Today the fundamental results of these provenance trials are highly relevant for seed transfer. The susceptibility to SO 2 and the low resistance to fungi and insects are accentuated when pine is planted in large pure stands. Pinus sylvestris is used especially as building and construction timber, for pulp and paper as well as for furniture. Scots pine has been in the focus of tree improvement which began around 100 years ago with provenance research. Later, breeding programmes were initiated with the selection of plus trees, the establishment of seed orchards and progeny testing in most countries where this species has some economic importance. Today the situation varies from one TreeBreedex country to another regarding breeding of Scots pine. There are countries with ongoing breeding programmes and others where these activities have been reduced significantly or stopped completely. This monograph summarizes the answers to a questionnaire about the situation of Scots pine and its breeding which was circulated among TreeBreedex members. The answers given are of varying quality. This monograph is based on these answers. It will not be a complete review of the literature on the topic of breeding Scots pine.},
  isbn = {978-94-007-6146-9},
  keywords = {*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-13581918,~to-add-doi-URL,ecology,economics,forest-reproductive-material,forest-resources,pinus-sylvestris,provenance,species-distribution},
  series = {Managing {{Forest Ecosystems}}}
}

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