@ARTICLE{Kriegstein1974-xu,
  title    = "Metamorphosis of Aplysia californica in laboratory culture",
  author   = "Kriegstein, A R and Castellucci, V and Kandel, E R",
  abstract = "To utilize the advantages offered by the large identified nerve
              cells of the marine mollusc Aplysia californica for cellular
              biological studies of development, we have devised simple
              techniques for growing this species in the laboratory in large
              number with a generation time as short as nineteen weeks. We have
              used the cultured animals to study the life cycle from fertilized
              egg to reproductive adult. The major developmental and behavioral
              changes occur at metamorphosis, when the larvae settle on the
              seaweed Laurencia pacifica and the locomotor and feeding
              behaviors are transformed into their adult forms. We have
              examined the timetable for the abandonment of larval behaviors
              and the emergence of adult ones and found that the transition
              from swimming to crawling occurs first and marks the onset of
              metamorphosis. The change from ciliary feeding to radular feeding
              occurs later and signals the end of metamorphosis. Other adult
              behaviors, such as the reflex responses and fixed-action patterns
              of the mantle organs, appear after metamorphosis.",
  journal  = "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A",
  volume   =  71,
  number   =  9,
  pages    = "3654--3658",
  month    =  sep,
  year     =  1974,
  language = "en"
}

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