Three-dimensional imaging of pulmonary veins by a novel steady-state free-precession magnetic resonance angiography technique without the use of intravenous contrast agent: initial experience. Krishnam, M., Tomasian, A., Malik, S., Singhal, A., Sassani, A., Laub, G., Finn, J., & Ruehm, S. Invest Radiol, 44(8):447–453, Aug, 2009.
bibtex   
@Article{RSM:Kri2009,
  author =       "M.S. Krishnam and A. Tomasian and S. Malik and A. Singhal
                 and A. Sassani and G. Laub and J.P. Finn and S. Ruehm",
  title =        "Three-dimensional imaging of pulmonary veins by a novel
                 steady-state free-precession magnetic resonance
                 angiography technique without the use of intravenous
                 contrast agent: initial experience.",
  journal =      "Invest Radiol",
  year =         "2009",
  month =        "Aug",
  volume =       "44",
  number =       "8",
  pages =        "447--453",
  robnote =      "PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of 3-dimensional
                 (3D) steady-state free-precession (SSFP) magnetic
                 resonance angiography (MRA) using nonselective
                 radiofrequency excitation for imaging of pulmonary veins
                 (PVs) without intravenous gadolinium chelate and to
                 correlate the results with conventional contrast-enhanced
                 MRA (CE-MRA).  Our study shows that 3D depiction of
                 PVs without intravenous contrast is feasible with
                 nonslice-selective SSFP MRA. This novel MRA technique may
                 be used in certain patients with atrial fibrillation to
                 assess the number and size of PV ostia draining to the
                 left atrium prior to radiofrequency ablation.",
  bibdate =      "Sat Sep 5 05:20:20 2009",
}

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