Tracing the dynamic changes in perceived tonal organization in a spatial representation of musical keys. Krumhansl, C. L. & Kessler, E. J. Psychol Rev, 89(4):334-68, 1982.
abstract   bibtex   
Investigated the cognitive representation of harmonic and tonal structure in Western music using a tone-profile technique in 2 experiments with 24 undergraduates and community adults. Listeners rated how well single tones (any one of the 12 tones of the chromatic scale) followed a musical element such as a scale, chord, or cadence. Stable rating profiles reflecting the tonal hierarchies in major and minor keys were obtained, which, when intercorrelated and analyzed using multidimensional scaling, produced a 4-dimensional spatial map of the distances between keys. Listeners integrated harmonic functions over multiple chords, developing a sense of key that needed to be re-evaluated as additional chords were sounded. It is suggested that the perceived relations between chords and keys and between different keys are mediated through an internal representation of the hierarchy of tonal functions of single tones in music.
@Article{Krumhansl1982a,
  author   = {C. L. Krumhansl and E. J. Kessler},
  journal  = {Psychol Rev},
  title    = {Tracing the dynamic changes in perceived tonal organization in a spatial representation of musical keys.},
  year     = {1982},
  number   = {4},
  pages    = {334-68},
  volume   = {89},
  abstract = {Investigated the cognitive representation of harmonic and tonal structure
	in Western music using a tone-profile technique in 2 experiments
	with 24 undergraduates and community adults. Listeners rated how
	well single tones (any one of the 12 tones of the chromatic scale)
	followed a musical element such as a scale, chord, or cadence. Stable
	rating profiles reflecting the tonal hierarchies in major and minor
	keys were obtained, which, when intercorrelated and analyzed using
	multidimensional scaling, produced a 4-dimensional spatial map of
	the distances between keys. Listeners integrated harmonic functions
	over multiple chords, developing a sense of key that needed to be
	re-evaluated as additional chords were sounded. It is suggested that
	the perceived relations between chords and keys and between different
	keys are mediated through an internal representation of the hierarchy
	of tonal functions of single tones in music.},
  keywords = {Humans, Music, Pitch Discrimination, Psychoacoustics, 7134332},
}

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