@article{kuntsi_co-occurrence_2004,
	title = {Co-occurrence of {ADHD} and low {IQ} has genetic origins},
	volume = {124B},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14681911},
	abstract = {Previous studies show that the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and lower intelligence quotient (IQ) covary in children. We investigated the aetiology of this association in a large population-based sample of 5-year-old twins. The twins were individually assessed on an IQ test, and data on ADHD symptoms were obtained from mother interviews and teacher ratings. Confirming previous studies, the phenotypic correlation between ADHD symptom scores and IQ was -0.3 and, in a categorical analysis, children with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) ADHD research diagnosis obtained IQ scores nine points lower, on average, than comparison children. We show here that the co-occurrence of ADHD and lower IQ has genetic origins: 86\% of the association between ADHD symptom scores and IQ, and 100\% of the association between ADHD diagnosis and IQ, was accounted for by genetic influences that are shared by ADHD and IQ. Some candidate genes for ADHD could also contribute to variation in IQ or vice versa.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {American Journal of Medical Genetics},
	author = {Kuntsi, J and Eley, T C and Taylor, A and Hughes, C and Asherson, P and Caspi, A and Moffitt, T E},
	year = {2004},
	pmid = {14681911},
	note = {Publisher: Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.},
	keywords = {analysis variance, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity gen, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity psy, child, dizygotic, dizygotic genetics, dizygotic psychology, female, genetic, humans, intelligence, intelligence tests, male, models, monozygotic, monozygotic genetics, monozygotic psychology, phenotype, preschool, twins},
	pages = {41--47},
}

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Confirming previous studies, the phenotypic correlation between ADHD symptom scores and IQ was -0.3 and, in a categorical analysis, children with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) ADHD research diagnosis obtained IQ scores nine points lower, on average, than comparison children. We show here that the co-occurrence of ADHD and lower IQ has genetic origins: 86% of the association between ADHD symptom scores and IQ, and 100% of the association between ADHD diagnosis and IQ, was accounted for by genetic influences that are shared by ADHD and IQ. Some candidate genes for ADHD could also contribute to variation in IQ or vice versa.","number":"1","journal":"American Journal of Medical Genetics","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kuntsi"],"firstnames":["J"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Eley"],"firstnames":["T","C"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Taylor"],"firstnames":["A"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hughes"],"firstnames":["C"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Asherson"],"firstnames":["P"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Caspi"],"firstnames":["A"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Moffitt"],"firstnames":["T","E"],"suffixes":[]}],"year":"2004","pmid":"14681911","note":"Publisher: Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.","keywords":"analysis variance, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity gen, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity psy, child, dizygotic, dizygotic genetics, dizygotic psychology, female, genetic, humans, intelligence, intelligence tests, male, models, monozygotic, monozygotic genetics, monozygotic psychology, phenotype, preschool, twins","pages":"41–47","bibtex":"@article{kuntsi_co-occurrence_2004,\n\ttitle = {Co-occurrence of {ADHD} and low {IQ} has genetic origins},\n\tvolume = {124B},\n\turl = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14681911},\n\tabstract = {Previous studies show that the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and lower intelligence quotient (IQ) covary in children. We investigated the aetiology of this association in a large population-based sample of 5-year-old twins. The twins were individually assessed on an IQ test, and data on ADHD symptoms were obtained from mother interviews and teacher ratings. Confirming previous studies, the phenotypic correlation between ADHD symptom scores and IQ was -0.3 and, in a categorical analysis, children with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) ADHD research diagnosis obtained IQ scores nine points lower, on average, than comparison children. We show here that the co-occurrence of ADHD and lower IQ has genetic origins: 86\\% of the association between ADHD symptom scores and IQ, and 100\\% of the association between ADHD diagnosis and IQ, was accounted for by genetic influences that are shared by ADHD and IQ. Some candidate genes for ADHD could also contribute to variation in IQ or vice versa.},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\tjournal = {American Journal of Medical Genetics},\n\tauthor = {Kuntsi, J and Eley, T C and Taylor, A and Hughes, C and Asherson, P and Caspi, A and Moffitt, T E},\n\tyear = {2004},\n\tpmid = {14681911},\n\tnote = {Publisher: Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.},\n\tkeywords = {analysis variance, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity gen, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity psy, child, dizygotic, dizygotic genetics, dizygotic psychology, female, genetic, humans, intelligence, intelligence tests, male, models, monozygotic, monozygotic genetics, monozygotic psychology, phenotype, preschool, twins},\n\tpages = {41--47},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Kuntsi, J","Eley, T C","Taylor, A","Hughes, C","Asherson, P","Caspi, A","Moffitt, T E"],"key":"kuntsi_co-occurrence_2004","id":"kuntsi_co-occurrence_2004","bibbaseid":"kuntsi-eley-taylor-hughes-asherson-caspi-moffitt-cooccurrenceofadhdandlowiqhasgeneticorigins-2004","role":"author","urls":{"Paper":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14681911"},"keyword":["analysis variance","attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity","attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity gen","attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity psy","child","dizygotic","dizygotic genetics","dizygotic psychology","female","genetic","humans","intelligence","intelligence tests","male","models","monozygotic","monozygotic genetics","monozygotic psychology","phenotype","preschool","twins"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}},"html":""},"bibtype":"article","creationDate":"2020-09-30T20:09:47.877Z","downloads":0,"keywords":["analysis variance","attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity","attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity gen","attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity psy","child","dizygotic","dizygotic genetics","dizygotic psychology","female","genetic","humans","intelligence","intelligence tests","male","models","monozygotic","monozygotic genetics","monozygotic psychology","phenotype","preschool","twins"],"search_terms":["occurrence","adhd","low","genetic","origins","kuntsi","eley","taylor","hughes","asherson","caspi","moffitt"],"title":"Co-occurrence of ADHD and low IQ has genetic origins","year":2004,"biburl":"https://bibbase.org/zotero/asrommel","dataSources":["J8fbWsdsy3xAaB3pX"]}