Fabrication of Gelatin/Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers Containing Red Bajakah Extract via Electrospinning

Fabrication of Gelatin/Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers Containing Red Bajakah Extract via Electrospinning. Kusumah, F. H., Hartati, S., Arramel, A., Zulfi, A., Noviyanto, A., Rochman, N. T., & Khairurrijal, K. Computational And Experimental Research In Materials And Renewable Energy, 9(1):47–60, May, 2026.

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Red Bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) is an indigenous Indonesian plant recognized for its substantial antioxidant properties. However, its incorporation into electrospun nanofibers is limited, despite the plant’s considerable potential for therapeutic applications. This study focused on utilizing electrospinning to produce gelatin/cellulose acetate (CA) fiber incorporated with Red Bajakah stem extract (BSE). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the gelatin/CA fiber mat prepared at a 6:4 mass ratio (GC) exhibited a mean fiber diameter of 1582 ± 1.15 nm. Meanwhile, fiber mats incorporating BSE, yielded from precursor solutions with GC-to-BSE volume ratios of 8:1 (GCB1), 6:1 (GCB2), and 4:1 (GCB3), had mean diameters of (1511 ± 1.29) nm, (1301 ± 1.36) nm, and (1102 ± 1.67) nm, respectively. The observed differences in average diameter suggest that BSE affects nanofiber formation, promoting the development of thinner fibers as its proportion in the precursor solution rises. Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy confirmed molecular interactions between gelatin, CA, and BSE through characteristic peak shifts, while X-ray diffraction indicated an amorphous structure for all fiber mats. Additionally, granulated BSE, the GCB1, GCB2, and GCB3 fiber mats had IC50 value of (6.32 ± 0.12), (56.93 ± 2.18), (51.39 ± 1.14), and (15.20 ± 0.10) μg/mL, respectively, suggested that all tested samples possessed strong antioxidant activity. BSE retained its radical-scavenging activity after electrospinning, though with some attenuation. These results establish a tunable gelatin/CA/BSE nanofiber mat with preserved antioxidant functionality. Further research is recommended to optimize the formulation and fabrication conditions of gelatin/CA/BSE fibers, with the aim of enhancing their therapeutic potential.

@article{kusumah_Fabrication_2026,
	title = {Fabrication of {Gelatin}/{Cellulose} {Acetate} {Nanofibers} {Containing} {Red} {Bajakah} {Extract} via {Electrospinning}},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {2747-173X},
	url = {https://cerimre.jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/CERiMRE02/article/view/60005},
	doi = {10.19184/cerimre.v9i1.60005},
	abstract = {Red Bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) is an indigenous Indonesian plant recognized for its substantial antioxidant properties. However, its incorporation into electrospun nanofibers is limited, despite the plant’s considerable potential for therapeutic applications. This study focused on utilizing electrospinning to produce gelatin/cellulose acetate (CA) fiber incorporated with Red Bajakah stem extract (BSE). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the gelatin/CA fiber mat prepared at a 6:4 mass ratio (GC) exhibited a mean fiber diameter of 1582 ± 1.15 nm. Meanwhile, fiber mats incorporating BSE, yielded from precursor solutions with GC-to-BSE volume ratios of 8:1 (GCB1), 6:1 (GCB2), and 4:1 (GCB3), had mean diameters of (1511 ± 1.29) nm, (1301 ± 1.36) nm, and (1102 ± 1.67) nm, respectively. The observed differences in average diameter suggest that BSE affects nanofiber formation, promoting the development of thinner fibers as its proportion in the precursor solution rises. Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy confirmed molecular interactions between gelatin, CA, and BSE through characteristic peak shifts, while X-ray diffraction indicated an amorphous structure for all fiber mats. Additionally, granulated BSE, the GCB1, GCB2, and GCB3 fiber mats had IC50 value of (6.32 ± 0.12), (56.93 ± 2.18), (51.39 ± 1.14), and (15.20 ± 0.10) μg/mL, respectively, suggested that all tested samples possessed strong antioxidant activity. BSE retained its radical-scavenging activity after electrospinning, though with some attenuation. These results establish a tunable gelatin/CA/BSE nanofiber mat with preserved antioxidant functionality. Further research is recommended to optimize the formulation and fabrication conditions of gelatin/CA/BSE fibers, with the aim of enhancing their therapeutic potential.},
	number = {1},
	urldate = {2026-06-18},
	journal = {Computational And Experimental Research In Materials And Renewable Energy},
	author = {Kusumah, Fuji Hernawati and Hartati, Sri and Arramel, Arramel and Zulfi, Akmal and Noviyanto, Alfian and Rochman, Nurul Taufiqu and Khairurrijal, Khairurrijal},
	month = may,
	year = {2026},
	pages = {47--60},
}

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Additionally, granulated BSE, the GCB1, GCB2, and GCB3 fiber mats had IC50 value of (6.32 ± 0.12), (56.93 ± 2.18), (51.39 ± 1.14), and (15.20 ± 0.10) μg/mL, respectively, suggested that all tested samples possessed strong antioxidant activity. BSE retained its radical-scavenging activity after electrospinning, though with some attenuation. These results establish a tunable gelatin/CA/BSE nanofiber mat with preserved antioxidant functionality. 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