@article{lamoth.etal_2021,
  title = {Navigating the Uncertainties of {{COVID-19}} Associated Aspergillosis ({{CAPA}}): {{A}} Comparison with Influenza Associated Aspergillosis ({{IAPA}})},
  shorttitle = {Navigating the Uncertainties of {{COVID-19}} Associated Aspergillosis ({{CAPA}})},
  author = {Lamoth, Frederic and Lewis, Russell E. and Walsh, Thomas J. and Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.},
  year = {2021},
  month = mar,
  journal = {The Journal of Infectious Diseases},
  pages = {jiab163},
  issn = {1537-6613},
  doi = {10.1093/infdis/jiab163},
  abstract = {Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is increasingly recognized as a life-threatening superinfection of severe respiratory viral infections, such as influenza. The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to emerging SARS-CoV-2 rose concern about the eventuality of IPA complicating COVID-19 in intensive care unit mechanically-ventilated patients. While the association between severe influenza and IPA has been demonstrated, it remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 infection represents a specific risk factor for IPA. A variable incidence of such complication has been previously reported, which can be partly attributed to differences in diagnostic strategy and IPA definitions, and possibly local environmental/epidemiological factors. In this article, we discuss the similarities and differences between influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) and COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Compared to IAPA, the majority of CAPA cases have been classified as putative rather than proven/probable IPA, in the absence of positive serum galactomannan or histopathologic evidence of angio-invasion. Discrimination between Aspergillus airways colonization and CAPA is difficult. Distinct physiopathology and cytokine profiles of influenza and COVID-19 may explain these discrepancies. Whether CAPA represents a distinct entity is still debatable and many questions remain unanswered, such as its actual incidence, the predisposing role of corticosteroids or immunomodulatory drugs, and the indications for antifungal therapy.},
  langid = {english},
  pmcid = {PMC8083649},
  pmid = {33770176},
  keywords = {acute respiratory distress syndrome,Aspergillus fumigatus,corticosteroids,flu,intensive care unit,mechanical ventilation,pneumonia,SARS-CoV-2},
  note = {Cited By :28
\par
Cited By :28
\par
Export Date: 20 November 2022
\par
Export Date: 20 November 2022},
  file = {/Users/russelllewis/Zotero/storage/3FQU59WF/Lamoth et al. - 2021 - Navigating the uncertainties of COVID-19 associate.pdf;/Users/russelllewis/Zotero/storage/4LABBGTB/Lamoth et al. - 2021 - Navigating the Uncertainties of COVID-19–Associate.pdf;/Users/russelllewis/Zotero/storage/XMC3PH5K/Lamoth et al_2021_Navigating the uncertainties of COVID-19 associated aspergillosis (CAPA).pdf}
}

{"_id":"BXn6x79KqZxTDuLuw","bibbaseid":"lamoth-lewis-walsh-kontoyiannis-navigatingtheuncertaintiesofcovid19associatedaspergillosiscapaacomparisonwithinfluenzaassociatedaspergillosisiapa-2021","author_short":["Lamoth, F.","Lewis, R. E.","Walsh, T. J.","Kontoyiannis, D. P."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"Navigating the Uncertainties of COVID-19 Associated Aspergillosis (CAPA): A Comparison with Influenza Associated Aspergillosis (IAPA)","shorttitle":"Navigating the Uncertainties of COVID-19 Associated Aspergillosis (CAPA)","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lamoth"],"firstnames":["Frederic"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lewis"],"firstnames":["Russell","E."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Walsh"],"firstnames":["Thomas","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kontoyiannis"],"firstnames":["Dimitrios","P."],"suffixes":[]}],"year":"2021","month":"March","journal":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","pages":"jiab163","issn":"1537-6613","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiab163","abstract":"Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is increasingly recognized as a life-threatening superinfection of severe respiratory viral infections, such as influenza. The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to emerging SARS-CoV-2 rose concern about the eventuality of IPA complicating COVID-19 in intensive care unit mechanically-ventilated patients. While the association between severe influenza and IPA has been demonstrated, it remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 infection represents a specific risk factor for IPA. A variable incidence of such complication has been previously reported, which can be partly attributed to differences in diagnostic strategy and IPA definitions, and possibly local environmental/epidemiological factors. In this article, we discuss the similarities and differences between influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) and COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Compared to IAPA, the majority of CAPA cases have been classified as putative rather than proven/probable IPA, in the absence of positive serum galactomannan or histopathologic evidence of angio-invasion. Discrimination between Aspergillus airways colonization and CAPA is difficult. Distinct physiopathology and cytokine profiles of influenza and COVID-19 may explain these discrepancies. Whether CAPA represents a distinct entity is still debatable and many questions remain unanswered, such as its actual incidence, the predisposing role of corticosteroids or immunomodulatory drugs, and the indications for antifungal therapy.","langid":"english","pmcid":"PMC8083649","pmid":"33770176","keywords":"acute respiratory distress syndrome,Aspergillus fumigatus,corticosteroids,flu,intensive care unit,mechanical ventilation,pneumonia,SARS-CoV-2","note":"Cited By :28 \\par Cited By :28 \\par Export Date: 20 November 2022 \\par Export Date: 20 November 2022","file":"/Users/russelllewis/Zotero/storage/3FQU59WF/Lamoth et al. - 2021 - Navigating the uncertainties of COVID-19 associate.pdf;/Users/russelllewis/Zotero/storage/4LABBGTB/Lamoth et al. - 2021 - Navigating the Uncertainties of COVID-19–Associate.pdf;/Users/russelllewis/Zotero/storage/XMC3PH5K/Lamoth et al_2021_Navigating the uncertainties of COVID-19 associated aspergillosis (CAPA).pdf","bibtex":"@article{lamoth.etal_2021,\n title = {Navigating the Uncertainties of {{COVID-19}} Associated Aspergillosis ({{CAPA}}): {{A}} Comparison with Influenza Associated Aspergillosis ({{IAPA}})},\n shorttitle = {Navigating the Uncertainties of {{COVID-19}} Associated Aspergillosis ({{CAPA}})},\n author = {Lamoth, Frederic and Lewis, Russell E. and Walsh, Thomas J. and Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.},\n year = {2021},\n month = mar,\n journal = {The Journal of Infectious Diseases},\n pages = {jiab163},\n issn = {1537-6613},\n doi = {10.1093/infdis/jiab163},\n abstract = {Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is increasingly recognized as a life-threatening superinfection of severe respiratory viral infections, such as influenza. The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to emerging SARS-CoV-2 rose concern about the eventuality of IPA complicating COVID-19 in intensive care unit mechanically-ventilated patients. While the association between severe influenza and IPA has been demonstrated, it remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 infection represents a specific risk factor for IPA. A variable incidence of such complication has been previously reported, which can be partly attributed to differences in diagnostic strategy and IPA definitions, and possibly local environmental/epidemiological factors. In this article, we discuss the similarities and differences between influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA) and COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Compared to IAPA, the majority of CAPA cases have been classified as putative rather than proven/probable IPA, in the absence of positive serum galactomannan or histopathologic evidence of angio-invasion. Discrimination between Aspergillus airways colonization and CAPA is difficult. Distinct physiopathology and cytokine profiles of influenza and COVID-19 may explain these discrepancies. Whether CAPA represents a distinct entity is still debatable and many questions remain unanswered, such as its actual incidence, the predisposing role of corticosteroids or immunomodulatory drugs, and the indications for antifungal therapy.},\n langid = {english},\n pmcid = {PMC8083649},\n pmid = {33770176},\n keywords = {acute respiratory distress syndrome,Aspergillus fumigatus,corticosteroids,flu,intensive care unit,mechanical ventilation,pneumonia,SARS-CoV-2},\n note = {Cited By :28\n\\par\nCited By :28\n\\par\nExport Date: 20 November 2022\n\\par\nExport Date: 20 November 2022},\n file = {/Users/russelllewis/Zotero/storage/3FQU59WF/Lamoth et al. - 2021 - Navigating the uncertainties of COVID-19 associate.pdf;/Users/russelllewis/Zotero/storage/4LABBGTB/Lamoth et al. - 2021 - Navigating the Uncertainties of COVID-19–Associate.pdf;/Users/russelllewis/Zotero/storage/XMC3PH5K/Lamoth et al_2021_Navigating the uncertainties of COVID-19 associated aspergillosis (CAPA).pdf}\n}\n\n","author_short":["Lamoth, F.","Lewis, R. 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