Structural Modeling of RealAudio Traffic. Lan, K. & Heidemann, J. Technical Report ISI-TR-544, USC/Information Sciences Institute, September, 2001.
Structural Modeling of RealAudio Traffic [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
This paper identifies the structural properties of RealAudio traffic, develops an application-level model and validates the model using multi-scale analytic techniques. RealAudio traffic is quite different from web traffic and constant bit rate traffic, models commonly used for Internet and multimedia traffic respectively today. We demonstrate that RealAudio has rich behavior across a range of time scales, with regularity at large time scales, strong peiodicities from RTT to a few seconds, and complex behavior at small time scales. A simulation model was developed which captures the main structural characteristics of RealAudio, and demonstrates the importance of multi-scale analysis in validating this model. We also demonstrate via simu- lation that RealAudio loss rates can be noticeably reduced by slightly changing its characteristics to reduce burstiness. Although our results focus on Real Audio traffic, this methodology may be useful for studies of other types of real-time streaming media.
@TechReport{Lan01a,
	author = 	"Kun-chan Lan and John Heidemann",
	title = 	"Structural Modeling of {RealAudio} Traffic",
	institution = 	"USC/Information Sciences Institute",
	year = 		2001,
	sortdate = 		"2001-09-01", 
	project = "ant, saman",
	jsubject = "traffic_modeling",
	number =	"ISI-TR-544",
	month =		sep,
	jlocation =	"johnh: folder: xxx",
	jlocation =	"johnh: pafile",
	keywords =	"real audio, structural modeling, ",
	otherurl =		"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ekclan/paper/ramodel.ps",
	url =		"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Lan01a.html",
	pdfurl =	"https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Lan01a.pdf",
	myorganization =	"USC/Information Sciences Institute",
	abstract = "
This paper identifies the structural properties of RealAudio traffic,
develops an application-level model and validates the model using
multi-scale analytic techniques. RealAudio traffic is quite different
from web traffic and constant bit rate traffic, models commonly used
for Internet and multimedia traffic respectively today. We demonstrate
that RealAudio has rich behavior across a range of time scales, with
regularity at large time scales, strong peiodicities from RTT to a few
seconds, and complex behavior at small time scales. A simulation model
was developed which captures the main structural characteristics of
RealAudio, and demonstrates the importance of multi-scale analysis in
validating this model. We also demonstrate via simu- lation that
RealAudio loss rates can be noticeably reduced by slightly changing
its characteristics to reduce burstiness. Although our results focus
on Real Audio traffic, this methodology may be useful for studies of
other types of real-time streaming media.
",
}

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