The high-resolution crystal structure of a parallel-stranded guanine tetraplex. Laughlan, G, Murchie, A I, Norman, D G, Moore, M H, Moody, P C, Lilley, D M, & Luisi, B Science (New York, N.Y.), 265(5171):520–4, July, 1994.
The high-resolution crystal structure of a parallel-stranded guanine tetraplex. [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
Repeat tracts of guanine bases found in DNA and RNA can form tetraplex structures in the presence of a variety of monovalent cations. Evidence suggests that guanine tetraplexes assume important functions within chromosomal telomeres, immunoglobulin switch regions, and the human immunodeficiency virus genome. The structure of a parallel-stranded tetraplex formed by the hexanucleotide d(TG4T) and stabilized by sodium cations was determined by x-ray crystallography to 1.2 angstroms resolution. Sharply resolved sodium cations were found between and within planes of hydrogen-bonded guanine quartets, and an ordered groove hydration was observed. Distinct intra- and intermolecular stacking arrangements were adopted by the guanine quartets. Thymine bases were exclusively involved in making extensive lattice contacts.
@article{Laughlan1994,
	title = {The high-resolution crystal structure of a parallel-stranded guanine tetraplex.},
	volume = {265},
	issn = {0036-8075},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8036494},
	abstract = {Repeat tracts of guanine bases found in DNA and RNA can form tetraplex structures in the presence of a variety of monovalent cations. Evidence suggests that guanine tetraplexes assume important functions within chromosomal telomeres, immunoglobulin switch regions, and the human immunodeficiency virus genome. The structure of a parallel-stranded tetraplex formed by the hexanucleotide d(TG4T) and stabilized by sodium cations was determined by x-ray crystallography to 1.2 angstroms resolution. Sharply resolved sodium cations were found between and within planes of hydrogen-bonded guanine quartets, and an ordered groove hydration was observed. Distinct intra- and intermolecular stacking arrangements were adopted by the guanine quartets. Thymine bases were exclusively involved in making extensive lattice contacts.},
	number = {5171},
	journal = {Science (New York, N.Y.)},
	author = {Laughlan, G and Murchie, A I and Norman, D G and Moore, M H and Moody, P C and Lilley, D M and Luisi, B},
	month = jul,
	year = {1994},
	pmid = {8036494},
	keywords = {\#nosource, Computer Graphics, Crystallization, Crystallography, Guanine, Guanine: chemistry, Hydrogen Bonding, Molecular Structure, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Oligodeoxyribonucleotides: chemistry, Sodium, X-Ray},
	pages = {520--4},
}

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