@article{lee_neurodevelopmental_2019,
	title = {Neurodevelopmental {Outcomes} of {Children} {Born} to {Opioid}-{Dependent} {Mothers}: {A} {Systematic} {Review} and {Meta}-{Analysis}},
	issn = {18762867},
	url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31734383},
	doi = {10.1016/j.acap.2019.11.005},
	abstract = {Background: Children born to opioid-dependent mothers are at risk of adverse neurodevelopment. The magnitude of this risk remains inconclusive. Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis of studies that assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes of children aged 0 to 12 years born to opioid-dependent mothers, compared with children born to nonopioid-dependent mothers, across general cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional domains. Data Sources: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar databases. Study Eligibility Criteria: English-language publications between January 1993 and November 2018, including prenatally opioid-exposed and nonopioid-exposed comparison children, reporting outcomes data on standardized assessments. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods: Two reviewers independently extracted data. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) were analyzed using random effects models. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Results: Across 16 studies, individual domain outcomes data were examined for between 93 to 430 opioid-exposed and 75 to 505 nonopioid-exposed infants/children. Opioid-exposed infants and children performed more poorly than their nonopioid-exposed peers across all outcomes examined, demonstrated by lower infant cognitive (SMD = 0.77) and psychomotor scores (SMD = 0.52), lower general cognition/IQ (SMD = 0.76) and language scores (SMD = 0.65–0.74), and higher parent-rated internalizing (SMD = 0.42), externalizing (SMD = 0.66), and attention problems (SMD = 0.72). Limitations: Most studies examined early neurodevelopment; only 3 reported school-age outcomes thereby limiting the ability to assess longer-term impacts of prenatal opioid exposures. Conclusions and Implications of Findings: Children born to opioid-dependent mothers are at modest- to high-risk of adverse neurodevelopment at least to middle childhood. Future studies should identify specific clinical and social factors underlying these challenges to improve outcomes.},
	urldate = {2020-03-06},
	journal = {Academic Pediatrics},
	author = {Lee, Samantha J. and Bora, Samudragupta and Austin, Nicola C. and Westerman, Anneliese and Henderson, Jacqueline M.T.},
	month = nov,
	year = {2019},
	note = {Publisher: Elsevier Inc.},
	keywords = {analgesics, buprenorphine, child, child behavior, child development, cognition, heroin, infant, intelligence, language development, meta-analysis, methadone, narcotics, neurodevelopmental disorders, opiate substitution treatment, opioid, opioid-related disorders, prenatal exposure delayed effects, prenatal opioid exposure, psychomotor performance},
}

{"_id":"2xbhpT8MDbgxZgkEu","bibbaseid":"lee-bora-austin-westerman-henderson-neurodevelopmentaloutcomesofchildrenborntoopioiddependentmothersasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis-2019","author_short":["Lee, S. J.","Bora, S.","Austin, N. C.","Westerman, A.","Henderson, J. M."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Children Born to Opioid-Dependent Mothers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","issn":"18762867","url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31734383","doi":"10.1016/j.acap.2019.11.005","abstract":"Background: Children born to opioid-dependent mothers are at risk of adverse neurodevelopment. The magnitude of this risk remains inconclusive. Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis of studies that assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes of children aged 0 to 12 years born to opioid-dependent mothers, compared with children born to nonopioid-dependent mothers, across general cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional domains. Data Sources: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar databases. Study Eligibility Criteria: English-language publications between January 1993 and November 2018, including prenatally opioid-exposed and nonopioid-exposed comparison children, reporting outcomes data on standardized assessments. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods: Two reviewers independently extracted data. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) were analyzed using random effects models. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Results: Across 16 studies, individual domain outcomes data were examined for between 93 to 430 opioid-exposed and 75 to 505 nonopioid-exposed infants/children. Opioid-exposed infants and children performed more poorly than their nonopioid-exposed peers across all outcomes examined, demonstrated by lower infant cognitive (SMD = 0.77) and psychomotor scores (SMD = 0.52), lower general cognition/IQ (SMD = 0.76) and language scores (SMD = 0.65–0.74), and higher parent-rated internalizing (SMD = 0.42), externalizing (SMD = 0.66), and attention problems (SMD = 0.72). Limitations: Most studies examined early neurodevelopment; only 3 reported school-age outcomes thereby limiting the ability to assess longer-term impacts of prenatal opioid exposures. Conclusions and Implications of Findings: Children born to opioid-dependent mothers are at modest- to high-risk of adverse neurodevelopment at least to middle childhood. Future studies should identify specific clinical and social factors underlying these challenges to improve outcomes.","urldate":"2020-03-06","journal":"Academic Pediatrics","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lee"],"firstnames":["Samantha","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Bora"],"firstnames":["Samudragupta"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Austin"],"firstnames":["Nicola","C."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Westerman"],"firstnames":["Anneliese"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Henderson"],"firstnames":["Jacqueline","M.T."],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"November","year":"2019","note":"Publisher: Elsevier Inc.","keywords":"analgesics, buprenorphine, child, child behavior, child development, cognition, heroin, infant, intelligence, language development, meta-analysis, methadone, narcotics, neurodevelopmental disorders, opiate substitution treatment, opioid, opioid-related disorders, prenatal exposure delayed effects, prenatal opioid exposure, psychomotor performance","bibtex":"@article{lee_neurodevelopmental_2019,\n\ttitle = {Neurodevelopmental {Outcomes} of {Children} {Born} to {Opioid}-{Dependent} {Mothers}: {A} {Systematic} {Review} and {Meta}-{Analysis}},\n\tissn = {18762867},\n\turl = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31734383},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.acap.2019.11.005},\n\tabstract = {Background: Children born to opioid-dependent mothers are at risk of adverse neurodevelopment. The magnitude of this risk remains inconclusive. Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis of studies that assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes of children aged 0 to 12 years born to opioid-dependent mothers, compared with children born to nonopioid-dependent mothers, across general cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional domains. Data Sources: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar databases. Study Eligibility Criteria: English-language publications between January 1993 and November 2018, including prenatally opioid-exposed and nonopioid-exposed comparison children, reporting outcomes data on standardized assessments. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods: Two reviewers independently extracted data. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) were analyzed using random effects models. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Results: Across 16 studies, individual domain outcomes data were examined for between 93 to 430 opioid-exposed and 75 to 505 nonopioid-exposed infants/children. Opioid-exposed infants and children performed more poorly than their nonopioid-exposed peers across all outcomes examined, demonstrated by lower infant cognitive (SMD = 0.77) and psychomotor scores (SMD = 0.52), lower general cognition/IQ (SMD = 0.76) and language scores (SMD = 0.65–0.74), and higher parent-rated internalizing (SMD = 0.42), externalizing (SMD = 0.66), and attention problems (SMD = 0.72). Limitations: Most studies examined early neurodevelopment; only 3 reported school-age outcomes thereby limiting the ability to assess longer-term impacts of prenatal opioid exposures. Conclusions and Implications of Findings: Children born to opioid-dependent mothers are at modest- to high-risk of adverse neurodevelopment at least to middle childhood. Future studies should identify specific clinical and social factors underlying these challenges to improve outcomes.},\n\turldate = {2020-03-06},\n\tjournal = {Academic Pediatrics},\n\tauthor = {Lee, Samantha J. and Bora, Samudragupta and Austin, Nicola C. and Westerman, Anneliese and Henderson, Jacqueline M.T.},\n\tmonth = nov,\n\tyear = {2019},\n\tnote = {Publisher: Elsevier Inc.},\n\tkeywords = {analgesics, buprenorphine, child, child behavior, child development, cognition, heroin, infant, intelligence, language development, meta-analysis, methadone, narcotics, neurodevelopmental disorders, opiate substitution treatment, opioid, opioid-related disorders, prenatal exposure delayed effects, prenatal opioid exposure, psychomotor performance},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Lee, S. J.","Bora, S.","Austin, N. C.","Westerman, A.","Henderson, J. M."],"key":"lee_neurodevelopmental_2019","id":"lee_neurodevelopmental_2019","bibbaseid":"lee-bora-austin-westerman-henderson-neurodevelopmentaloutcomesofchildrenborntoopioiddependentmothersasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis-2019","role":"author","urls":{"Paper":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31734383"},"keyword":["analgesics","buprenorphine","child","child behavior","child development","cognition","heroin","infant","intelligence","language development","meta-analysis","methadone","narcotics","neurodevelopmental disorders","opiate substitution treatment","opioid","opioid-related disorders","prenatal exposure delayed effects","prenatal opioid exposure","psychomotor performance"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}},"html":""},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://bibbase.org/zotero/asrommel","dataSources":["J8fbWsdsy3xAaB3pX"],"keywords":["analgesics","buprenorphine","child","child behavior","child development","cognition","heroin","infant","intelligence","language development","meta-analysis","methadone","narcotics","neurodevelopmental disorders","opiate substitution treatment","opioid","opioid-related disorders","prenatal exposure delayed effects","prenatal opioid exposure","psychomotor performance"],"search_terms":["neurodevelopmental","outcomes","children","born","opioid","dependent","mothers","systematic","review","meta","analysis","lee","bora","austin","westerman","henderson"],"title":"Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Children Born to Opioid-Dependent Mothers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","year":2019}