The effect of acid-base clustering and ions on the growth of atmospheric nano-particles. Lehtipalo, K., Rondo, L., Kontkanen, J., Schobesberger, S., Jokinen, T., Sarnela, N., Kürten, A., Ehrhart, S., Franchin, A., Nieminen, T., Riccobono, F., Sipilä, M., Yli-Juuti, T., Duplissy, J., Adamov, A., Ahlm, L., Almeida, J., Amorim, A., Bianchi, F., Breitenlechner, M., Dommen, J., Downard, A., J., Dunne, E., M., Flagan, R., C., Guida, R., Hakala, J., Hansel, A., Jud, W., Kangasluoma, J., Kerminen, V., M., Keskinen, H., Kim, J., Kirkby, J., Kupc, A., Kupiainen-Määttä, O., Laaksonen, A., Lawler, M., J., Leiminger, M., Mathot, S., Olenius, T., Ortega, I., K., Onnela, A., Petäjä, T., Praplan, A., Rissanen, M., P., Ruuskanen, T., Santos, F., D., Schallhart, S., Schnitzhofer, R., Simon, M., Smith, J., N., Tröstl, J., Tsagkogeorgas, G., Tomé, A., Vaattovaara, P., Vehkamäki, H., Vrtala, A., E., Wagner, P., E., Williamson, C., Wimmer, D., Winkler, P., M., Virtanen, A., Donahue, N., M., Carslaw, K., S., Baltensperger, U., Riipinen, I., Curtius, J., Worsnop, D., R., & Kulmala, M. Nature Communications, 7(May):11594, 2016.
The effect of acid-base clustering and ions on the growth of atmospheric nano-particles [link]Website  doi  abstract   bibtex   
The growth of freshly formed aerosol particles can be the bottleneck in their survival to cloud condensation nuclei. It is therefore crucial to understand how particles grow in the atmosphere. Insufficient experimental data has impeded a profound understanding of nano-particle growth under atmospheric conditions. Here we study nano-particle growth in the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoors Droplets) chamber, starting from the formation of molecular clusters. We present measured growth rates at sub-3 nm sizes with different atmospherically relevant concentrations of sulphuric acid, water, ammonia and dimethylamine. We find that atmospheric ions and small acid-base clusters, which are not generally accounted for in the measurement of sulphuric acid vapour, can participate in the growth process, leading to enhanced growth rates. The availability of compounds capable of stabilizing sulphuric acid clusters governs the magnitude of these effects and thus the exact growth mechanism. We bring these observations into a coherent framework and discuss their significance in the atmosphere.
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 title = {The effect of acid-base clustering and ions on the growth of atmospheric nano-particles},
 type = {article},
 year = {2016},
 pages = {11594},
 volume = {7},
 websites = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/ncomms11594},
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 abstract = {The growth of freshly formed aerosol particles can be the bottleneck in their survival to cloud condensation nuclei. It is therefore crucial to understand how particles grow in the atmosphere. Insufficient experimental data has impeded a profound understanding of nano-particle growth under atmospheric conditions. Here we study nano-particle growth in the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoors Droplets) chamber, starting from the formation of molecular clusters. We present measured growth rates at sub-3 nm sizes with different atmospherically relevant concentrations of sulphuric acid, water, ammonia and dimethylamine. We find that atmospheric ions and small acid-base clusters, which are not generally accounted for in the measurement of sulphuric acid vapour, can participate in the growth process, leading to enhanced growth rates. The availability of compounds capable of stabilizing sulphuric acid clusters governs the magnitude of these effects and thus the exact growth mechanism. We bring these observations into a coherent framework and discuss their significance in the atmosphere.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Lehtipalo, Katrianne and Rondo, Linda and Kontkanen, Jenni and Schobesberger, Siegfried and Jokinen, Tuija and Sarnela, Nina and Kürten, Andreas and Ehrhart, Sebastian and Franchin, Alessandro and Nieminen, Tuomo and Riccobono, Francesco and Sipilä, Mikko and Yli-Juuti, Taina and Duplissy, Jonathan and Adamov, Alexey and Ahlm, Lars and Almeida, João and Amorim, Antonio and Bianchi, Federico and Breitenlechner, Martin and Dommen, Josef and Downard, Andrew J. and Dunne, Eimear M. and Flagan, Richard C. and Guida, Roberto and Hakala, Jani and Hansel, Armin and Jud, Werner and Kangasluoma, Juha and Kerminen, Veli Matti and Keskinen, Helmi and Kim, Jaeseok and Kirkby, Jasper and Kupc, Agnieszka and Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona and Laaksonen, Ari and Lawler, Michael J. and Leiminger, Markus and Mathot, Serge and Olenius, Tinja and Ortega, Ismael K. and Onnela, Antti and Petäjä, Tuukka and Praplan, Arnaud and Rissanen, Matti P. and Ruuskanen, Taina and Santos, Filipe D. and Schallhart, Simon and Schnitzhofer, Ralf and Simon, Mario and Smith, James N. and Tröstl, Jasmin and Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios and Tomé, António and Vaattovaara, Petri and Vehkamäki, Hanna and Vrtala, Aron E. and Wagner, Paul E. and Williamson, Christina and Wimmer, Daniela and Winkler, Paul M. and Virtanen, Annele and Donahue, Neil M. and Carslaw, Kenneth S. and Baltensperger, Urs and Riipinen, Ilona and Curtius, Joachim and Worsnop, Douglas R. and Kulmala, Markku},
 doi = {10.1038/ncomms11594},
 journal = {Nature Communications},
 number = {May}
}

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