@article{leuschner_timberline_1996,
	title = {Timberline and alpine vegetation on the tropical and warm-temperate oceanic islands of the world: elevation, structure and floristics},
	volume = {123},
	issn = {0042-3106, 1573-5052},
	shorttitle = {Timberline and alpine vegetation on the tropical and warm-temperate oceanic islands of the world},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF00118271},
	doi = {10.1007/BF00118271},
	abstract = {In the oceans of the tropical and warm-temperate zone (40? N - 40? S), only a small number of islands are high enough to show timberline and alpine vegetation. Excluding large islands with a more continental climate, only the following oceanic islands are relevant: Pico (Azores), Madeira, Tenerife, Gran Canaria and La Palma (Canary islands), Fogo (Cape Verde islands), Fernando Poo (Bioko) and Tristan da Cunha in the Atlantic Ocean, R?union and Grande Comore (Ngazidja) in the Indian Ocean, Yakushima (Japan), Maui and Hawaii (Hawaiian islands), and Mas Afuera (Juan Fernandez islands) in the Pacific Ocean. Timberline and alpine vegetation exist here under a unique combination of a highly oceanic climate and a marked geographic isolation which contrasts with the tropical alpine vegetation in the extended mountains of South America, Africa and Southeast Asia. This review seeks to identify common physiognomic patterns in the high elevation vegetation that exist despite the fact that the islands belong to different floristic regions of the world. Based on the existing literature as well as personal observation, an overview of the elevation, physiognomy and floristics of the forest (and tree) line and the alpine vegetation on 15 island peaks is given.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2021-04-11},
	journal = {Vegetatio},
	author = {Leuschner, Christoph},
	month = apr,
	year = {1996},
	pages = {193--206},
}

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