Circum-Arctic distribution of chemical anti-herbivore compounds suggests biome-wide trade-off in defence strategies in Arctic shrubs. Lindén, E., te Beest, M., Abreu, I. N., Moritz, T., Sundqvist, M. K., Barrio, I. C., Boike, J., Bryant, J. P., Bråthen, K. A., Buchwal, A., Bueno, C. G., Cuerrier, A., Egelkraut, D. D., Forbes, B. C., Hallinger, M., Heijmans, M., Hermanutz, L., Hik, D. S., Hofgaard, A., Holmgren, M., Huebner, D. C., Høye, T. T., Jónsdóttir, I. S., Kaarlejärvi, E., Kissler, E., Kumpula, T., Limpens, J., Myers-Smith, I. H., Normand, S., Post, E., Rocha, A. V., Schmidt, N. M., Skarin, A., Soininen, E. M., Sokolov, A., Sokolova, N., Speed, J. D. M., Street, L., Tananaev, N., Tremblay, J., Urbanowicz, C., Watts, D. A., Zimmermann, H., & Olofsson, J. Ecography, 2022(11):e06166, 2022. _eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ecog.06166
Circum-Arctic distribution of chemical anti-herbivore compounds suggests biome-wide trade-off in defence strategies in Arctic shrubs [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Spatial variation in plant chemical defence towards herbivores can help us understand variation in herbivore top–down control of shrubs in the Arctic and possibly also shrub responses to global warming. Less defended, non-resinous shrubs could be more influenced by herbivores than more defended, resinous shrubs. However, sparse field measurements limit our current understanding of how much of the circum-Arctic variation in defence compounds is explained by taxa or defence functional groups (resinous/non-resinous). We measured circum-Arctic chemical defence and leaf digestibility in resinous (Betula glandulosa, B. nana ssp. exilis) and non-resinous (B. nana ssp. nana, B. pumila) shrub birches to see how they vary among and within taxa and functional groups. Using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) metabolomic analyses and in vitro leaf digestibility via incubation in cattle rumen fluid, we analysed defence composition and leaf digestibility in 128 samples from 44 tundra locations. We found biogeographical patterns in anti-herbivore defence where mean leaf triterpene concentrations and twig resin gland density were greater in resinous taxa and mean concentrations of condensing tannins were greater in non-resinous taxa. This indicates a biome-wide trade-off between triterpene- or tannin-dominated defences. However, we also found variations in chemical defence composition and resin gland density both within and among functional groups (resinous/non-resinous) and taxa, suggesting these categorisations only partly predict chemical herbivore defence. Complex tannins were the only defence compounds negatively related to in vitro digestibility, identifying this previously neglected tannin group as having a potential key role in birch anti-herbivore defence. We conclude that circum-Arctic variation in birch anti-herbivore defence can be partly derived from biogeographical distributions of birch taxa, although our detailed mapping of plant defence provides more information on this variation and can be used for better predictions of herbivore effects on Arctic vegetation.
@article{linden_circum-arctic_2022,
	title = {Circum-{Arctic} distribution of chemical anti-herbivore compounds suggests biome-wide trade-off in defence strategies in {Arctic} shrubs},
	volume = {2022},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ecog.06166},
	doi = {10.1111/ecog.06166},
	abstract = {Spatial variation in plant chemical defence towards herbivores can help us understand variation in herbivore top–down control of shrubs in the Arctic and possibly also shrub responses to global warming. Less defended, non-resinous shrubs could be more influenced by herbivores than more defended, resinous shrubs. However, sparse field measurements limit our current understanding of how much of the circum-Arctic variation in defence compounds is explained by taxa or defence functional groups (resinous/non-resinous). We measured circum-Arctic chemical defence and leaf digestibility in resinous (Betula glandulosa, B. nana ssp. exilis) and non-resinous (B. nana ssp. nana, B. pumila) shrub birches to see how they vary among and within taxa and functional groups. Using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) metabolomic analyses and in vitro leaf digestibility via incubation in cattle rumen fluid, we analysed defence composition and leaf digestibility in 128 samples from 44 tundra locations. We found biogeographical patterns in anti-herbivore defence where mean leaf triterpene concentrations and twig resin gland density were greater in resinous taxa and mean concentrations of condensing tannins were greater in non-resinous taxa. This indicates a biome-wide trade-off between triterpene- or tannin-dominated defences. However, we also found variations in chemical defence composition and resin gland density both within and among functional groups (resinous/non-resinous) and taxa, suggesting these categorisations only partly predict chemical herbivore defence. Complex tannins were the only defence compounds negatively related to in vitro digestibility, identifying this previously neglected tannin group as having a potential key role in birch anti-herbivore defence. We conclude that circum-Arctic variation in birch anti-herbivore defence can be partly derived from biogeographical distributions of birch taxa, although our detailed mapping of plant defence provides more information on this variation and can be used for better predictions of herbivore effects on Arctic vegetation.},
	number = {11},
	journal = {Ecography},
	author = {Lindén, Elin and te Beest, Mariska and Abreu, Ilka N. and Moritz, Thomas and Sundqvist, Maja K. and Barrio, Isabel C. and Boike, Julia and Bryant, John P. and Bråthen, Kari Anne and Buchwal, Agata and Bueno, C. Guillermo and Cuerrier, Alain and Egelkraut, Dagmar D. and Forbes, Bruce C. and Hallinger, Martin and Heijmans, Monique and Hermanutz, Luise and Hik, David S. and Hofgaard, Annika and Holmgren, Milena and Huebner, Diane C. and Høye, Toke T. and Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S. and Kaarlejärvi, Elina and Kissler, Emilie and Kumpula, Timo and Limpens, Juul and Myers-Smith, Isla H. and Normand, Signe and Post, Eric and Rocha, Adrian V. and Schmidt, Niels Martin and Skarin, Anna and Soininen, Eeva M. and Sokolov, Aleksandr and Sokolova, Natalia and Speed, James D. M. and Street, Lorna and Tananaev, Nikita and Tremblay, Jean-Pierre and Urbanowicz, Christine and Watts, David A. and Zimmermann, Heike and Olofsson, Johan},
	year = {2022},
	note = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/ecog.06166},
	keywords = {\#nosource, Arctic, Betula, birch, herbivory, metabolomics, plant chemical defence, shrubs, tundra},
	pages = {e06166},
}
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