Crystallization and mechanical behavior of the ferroelectric polymer nonwoven fiber fabrics for highly durable wearable sensor applications. Liu, Z. H., Pan, C. T., Yen, C. K., Lin, L. W., Huang, J. C., & Ke, C. A. APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE, 346:291-301, AUG 15, 2015. doi abstract bibtex The mechanical characterization of the electrospinning polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nonwoven fiber fabrics (NFFs) doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated. Piezoelectric composite nanofibers of the PVDF/MWCNTs were directly electrospun by the hollow cylindrical near-field electrospinning (HCNFES) without any post-poling treatment. We have made the HCNFES NFFs consisted of high-orderly arranged nanofiber assemblies for further characterizing the effect of MWCNTs filling PVDF nanofibers. An in situ electrical poling and high uniaxial stretching imparted on the polymer jet during the HCNFES process, which naturally align the dipoles in the PVDF crystals and promote the formation of the polar beta-crystalline phase within the fibers. Moreover, the reinforcement of the HCNFES PVDF nanofibers indicated the improvement in mechanical properties and the degree of high oriented extended-chain crystallites through adding adequate contents of MWCNTs. In the case of alignment of the all-trans polymer chains in the vicinity of MWCNTs along the fiber axis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed the strongest diffraction peak of the beta-crystalline phase. In the comparison of the near-field electrospinning (NFES), the HCNFES nanofibers with smooth surface and smaller diameter can easily form high density structural NFFs. After nano-indentation and tensile strength measurements, the results indicated that the mechanical properties of the HCNFES NFFs are better than the NFES ones. When 16 wt% PVDF solution doped with 0.03 wt% MWCNTs, the results reveal that Young's modulus, hardness, yield stress, yield strain, ultimate tensile strength, and strain at break of the HCNFES composite NFFs are obviously enhanced to 1.39 GPa, 39.6 MPa, 28 MPa, 48.17 MPa, 3.3%, and 32.5%, respectively. Finally, a flexible wearable sensor made of three-dimensional piezoelectric NFFs was actually experimented. Outstanding mechanical properties with highly deformable of PVDF/MWCNTs composite nanofibers would maintain it to represent great challenges during practical implementation. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
@article{ ISI:000355017000039,
Author = {Liu, Z. H. and Pan, C. T. and Yen, C. K. and Lin, L. W. and Huang, J. C.
and Ke, C. A.},
Title = {{Crystallization and mechanical behavior of the ferroelectric polymer
nonwoven fiber fabrics for highly durable wearable sensor applications}},
Journal = {{APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE}},
Year = {{2015}},
Volume = {{346}},
Pages = {{291-301}},
Month = {{AUG 15}},
Abstract = {{The mechanical characterization of the electrospinning polyvinylidene
fluoride (PVDF) nonwoven fiber fabrics (NFFs) doped with multi-walled
carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated. Piezoelectric composite
nanofibers of the PVDF/MWCNTs were directly electrospun by the hollow
cylindrical near-field electrospinning (HCNFES) without any post-poling
treatment. We have made the HCNFES NFFs consisted of high-orderly
arranged nanofiber assemblies for further characterizing the effect of
MWCNTs filling PVDF nanofibers. An in situ electrical poling and high
uniaxial stretching imparted on the polymer jet during the HCNFES
process, which naturally align the dipoles in the PVDF crystals and
promote the formation of the polar beta-crystalline phase within the
fibers. Moreover, the reinforcement of the HCNFES PVDF nanofibers
indicated the improvement in mechanical properties and the degree of
high oriented extended-chain crystallites through adding adequate
contents of MWCNTs. In the case of alignment of the all-trans polymer
chains in the vicinity of MWCNTs along the fiber axis, X-ray diffraction
(XRD) patterns showed the strongest diffraction peak of the
beta-crystalline phase. In the comparison of the near-field
electrospinning (NFES), the HCNFES nanofibers with smooth surface and
smaller diameter can easily form high density structural NFFs. After
nano-indentation and tensile strength measurements, the results
indicated that the mechanical properties of the HCNFES NFFs are better
than the NFES ones. When 16 wt\% PVDF solution doped with 0.03 wt\%
MWCNTs, the results reveal that Young's modulus, hardness, yield stress,
yield strain, ultimate tensile strength, and strain at break of the
HCNFES composite NFFs are obviously enhanced to 1.39 GPa, 39.6 MPa, 28
MPa, 48.17 MPa, 3.3\%, and 32.5\%, respectively. Finally, a flexible
wearable sensor made of three-dimensional piezoelectric NFFs was
actually experimented. Outstanding mechanical properties with highly
deformable of PVDF/MWCNTs composite nanofibers would maintain it to
represent great challenges during practical implementation. (C) 2015
Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.03.173}},
ISSN = {{0169-4332}},
EISSN = {{1873-5584}},
ResearcherID-Numbers = {{Pan, CT/E-4776-2013
Yen, Chung Kun/AAB-3248-2020
}},
ORCID-Numbers = {{HUANG, Jacob Chih Ching/0000-0001-6843-3396}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:000355017000039}},
}
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A."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Liu"],"firstnames":["Z.","H."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Pan"],"firstnames":["C.","T."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Yen"],"firstnames":["C.","K."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lin"],"firstnames":["L.","W."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Huang"],"firstnames":["J.","C."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ke"],"firstnames":["C.","A."],"suffixes":[]}],"title":"Crystallization and mechanical behavior of the ferroelectric polymer nonwoven fiber fabrics for highly durable wearable sensor applications","journal":"APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE","year":"2015","volume":"346","pages":"291-301","month":"AUG 15","abstract":"The mechanical characterization of the electrospinning polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nonwoven fiber fabrics (NFFs) doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated. Piezoelectric composite nanofibers of the PVDF/MWCNTs were directly electrospun by the hollow cylindrical near-field electrospinning (HCNFES) without any post-poling treatment. We have made the HCNFES NFFs consisted of high-orderly arranged nanofiber assemblies for further characterizing the effect of MWCNTs filling PVDF nanofibers. An in situ electrical poling and high uniaxial stretching imparted on the polymer jet during the HCNFES process, which naturally align the dipoles in the PVDF crystals and promote the formation of the polar beta-crystalline phase within the fibers. Moreover, the reinforcement of the HCNFES PVDF nanofibers indicated the improvement in mechanical properties and the degree of high oriented extended-chain crystallites through adding adequate contents of MWCNTs. In the case of alignment of the all-trans polymer chains in the vicinity of MWCNTs along the fiber axis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed the strongest diffraction peak of the beta-crystalline phase. In the comparison of the near-field electrospinning (NFES), the HCNFES nanofibers with smooth surface and smaller diameter can easily form high density structural NFFs. After nano-indentation and tensile strength measurements, the results indicated that the mechanical properties of the HCNFES NFFs are better than the NFES ones. When 16 wt% PVDF solution doped with 0.03 wt% MWCNTs, the results reveal that Young's modulus, hardness, yield stress, yield strain, ultimate tensile strength, and strain at break of the HCNFES composite NFFs are obviously enhanced to 1.39 GPa, 39.6 MPa, 28 MPa, 48.17 MPa, 3.3%, and 32.5%, respectively. Finally, a flexible wearable sensor made of three-dimensional piezoelectric NFFs was actually experimented. Outstanding mechanical properties with highly deformable of PVDF/MWCNTs composite nanofibers would maintain it to represent great challenges during practical implementation. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.03.173","issn":"0169-4332","eissn":"1873-5584","researcherid-numbers":"Pan, CT/E-4776-2013 Yen, Chung Kun/AAB-3248-2020 ","orcid-numbers":"HUANG, Jacob Chih Ching/0000-0001-6843-3396","unique-id":"ISI:000355017000039","bibtex":"@article{ ISI:000355017000039,\nAuthor = {Liu, Z. H. and Pan, C. T. and Yen, C. K. and Lin, L. W. and Huang, J. C.\n and Ke, C. A.},\nTitle = {{Crystallization and mechanical behavior of the ferroelectric polymer\n nonwoven fiber fabrics for highly durable wearable sensor applications}},\nJournal = {{APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE}},\nYear = {{2015}},\nVolume = {{346}},\nPages = {{291-301}},\nMonth = {{AUG 15}},\nAbstract = {{The mechanical characterization of the electrospinning polyvinylidene\n fluoride (PVDF) nonwoven fiber fabrics (NFFs) doped with multi-walled\n carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated. Piezoelectric composite\n nanofibers of the PVDF/MWCNTs were directly electrospun by the hollow\n cylindrical near-field electrospinning (HCNFES) without any post-poling\n treatment. We have made the HCNFES NFFs consisted of high-orderly\n arranged nanofiber assemblies for further characterizing the effect of\n MWCNTs filling PVDF nanofibers. An in situ electrical poling and high\n uniaxial stretching imparted on the polymer jet during the HCNFES\n process, which naturally align the dipoles in the PVDF crystals and\n promote the formation of the polar beta-crystalline phase within the\n fibers. Moreover, the reinforcement of the HCNFES PVDF nanofibers\n indicated the improvement in mechanical properties and the degree of\n high oriented extended-chain crystallites through adding adequate\n contents of MWCNTs. In the case of alignment of the all-trans polymer\n chains in the vicinity of MWCNTs along the fiber axis, X-ray diffraction\n (XRD) patterns showed the strongest diffraction peak of the\n beta-crystalline phase. In the comparison of the near-field\n electrospinning (NFES), the HCNFES nanofibers with smooth surface and\n smaller diameter can easily form high density structural NFFs. After\n nano-indentation and tensile strength measurements, the results\n indicated that the mechanical properties of the HCNFES NFFs are better\n than the NFES ones. When 16 wt\\% PVDF solution doped with 0.03 wt\\%\n MWCNTs, the results reveal that Young's modulus, hardness, yield stress,\n yield strain, ultimate tensile strength, and strain at break of the\n HCNFES composite NFFs are obviously enhanced to 1.39 GPa, 39.6 MPa, 28\n MPa, 48.17 MPa, 3.3\\%, and 32.5\\%, respectively. Finally, a flexible\n wearable sensor made of three-dimensional piezoelectric NFFs was\n actually experimented. Outstanding mechanical properties with highly\n deformable of PVDF/MWCNTs composite nanofibers would maintain it to\n represent great challenges during practical implementation. (C) 2015\n Elsevier B.V. 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