An Exploratory Study of Emotional Forecasting and Experience Disparities in PTSD: Insights from a Virtual Reality Paradigm. Loisel-Fleuriot, L., Fovet, T., Bugnet, A., Creupelandt, C., Wathelet, M., Szaffarczyk, S., Duhem, S., Vaiva, G., Horn, M., & D'Hondt, F. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 16(1):2524289, dec, 2025. doi abstract bibtex Background: Emotional disturbances are central to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and shape how individuals anticipate and experience events.Objective: This study investigates affective forecasting and emotional experience among PTSD patients, trauma-exposed controls (TEC), and healthy controls (HC) using a novel virtual reality paradigm.Method: Eighty-six participants (30 PTSD, 28 TEC, 28 HC) rated their predicted and actual emotional responses (valence and arousal) to unpleasant, neutral, and pleasant virtual scenarios. Physiological measures included heart rate and skin conductance responses (SCR).Results: PTSD participants showed alterations in their affective forecasting and emotional experience, assigning significantly lower valence scores to pleasant and neutral scenarios and exhibiting amplified SCR to emotionally charged stimuli. Their arousal ratings for neutral stimuli were also more elevated compared to HC. In their forecasting, PTSD participants anticipated more positive - or less negative - emotions compared to what they experienced next.Conclusions: These findings reveal critical emotional processing differences in PTSD, both during affective forecasting and emotional experience, supporting cognitive models that emphasize biased processing of emotional information in this psychiatric condition.
@article{Loisel-Fleuriot2025,
abstract = {Background: Emotional disturbances are central to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and shape how individuals anticipate and experience events.Objective: This study investigates affective forecasting and emotional experience among PTSD patients, trauma-exposed controls (TEC), and healthy controls (HC) using a novel virtual reality paradigm.Method: Eighty-six participants (30 PTSD, 28 TEC, 28 HC) rated their predicted and actual emotional responses (valence and arousal) to unpleasant, neutral, and pleasant virtual scenarios. Physiological measures included heart rate and skin conductance responses (SCR).Results: PTSD participants showed alterations in their affective forecasting and emotional experience, assigning significantly lower valence scores to pleasant and neutral scenarios and exhibiting amplified SCR to emotionally charged stimuli. Their arousal ratings for neutral stimuli were also more elevated compared to HC. In their forecasting, PTSD participants anticipated more positive - or less negative - emotions compared to what they experienced next.Conclusions: These findings reveal critical emotional processing differences in PTSD, both during affective forecasting and emotional experience, supporting cognitive models that emphasize biased processing of emotional information in this psychiatric condition.},
author = {Loisel-Fleuriot, Louise and Fovet, Thomas and Bugnet, Arnaud and Creupelandt, Coralie and Wathelet, Marielle and Szaffarczyk, S{\'{e}}bastien and Duhem, St{\'{e}}phane and Vaiva, Guillaume and Horn, Mathilde and D'Hondt, Fabien},
doi = {10.1080/20008066.2025.2524289},
file = {:C\:/Users/fabie/OneDrive/Documents/Mendeley Desktop/Loisel-Fleuriot et al._2025_European Journal of Psychotraumatology.pdf:pdf;:C\:/Users/fabie/OneDrive/Documents/Mendeley Desktop/Loisel-Fleuriot et al._2025_European Journal of Psychotraumatology.pdf:pdf},
issn = {2000-8066 (Electronic)},
journal = {European Journal of Psychotraumatology},
keywords = {,Adult,Arousal,Emotions,Female,Forecasting,Galvanic Skin Response,Heart Rate,Humans,Male,Middle Aged,Post-Traumatic,Stress Disorders,Virtual Reality,physiology,physiopathology,psychology},
language = {eng},
month = {dec},
number = {1},
pages = {2524289},
pmid = {40853496},
title = {{An Exploratory Study of Emotional Forecasting and Experience Disparities in PTSD: Insights from a Virtual Reality Paradigm}},
volume = {16},
year = {2025}
}
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Physiological measures included heart rate and skin conductance responses (SCR).Results: PTSD participants showed alterations in their affective forecasting and emotional experience, assigning significantly lower valence scores to pleasant and neutral scenarios and exhibiting amplified SCR to emotionally charged stimuli. Their arousal ratings for neutral stimuli were also more elevated compared to HC. 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