Cortical activity patterns in ADHD during arousal, activation and sustained attention. Loo, S. K., Hale, T. S., Macion, J., Hanada, G., McGough, J. J., McCracken, J. T., & Smalley, S. L. Neuropsychologia, 47(10):2114–2119, August, 2009. ![Cortical activity patterns in ADHD during arousal, activation and sustained attention [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper doi abstract bibtex Objective The goal of the present study is to test whether there are Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-related differences in brain electrical activity patterns across arousal, activation and vigilance states. Method The sample consists of 80 adults (38 with ADHD and 42 non-ADHD controls) who were recruited for a family study on the genetics of ADHD. Patterns of cortical activity were measured using electroencephalography (EEG) during baseline and sustained attention conditions and compared according to ADHD diagnostic status. Cortical activity was examined separately for the first, middle, and last 5-minutes of the sustained attention task to assess whether patterns differed over time and according the ADHD status. Results In frontal and parietal regions, patterns of activation in the alpha (8-10 Hertz) range differed according to ADHD status, indicating increased cortical arousal among ADHD subjects. Beta power (13 -14 and 17-18-hertz) also differed between ADHD and controls, indicating increased cortical activation is associated with ADHD. Behavioral performance on the sustained attention task did not differ significantly by diagnosis. Significant differences in EEG correlates of cognitive performance emerged by ADHD diagnosis and were primarily in frontal regions. Brain activation patterns recorded during the sustained attention task suggest that the ADHD group exhibited significantly increased cortical activation at the end of the task when compared to controls. Conclusions Adults with ADHD may have different neural organization primarily in frontal regions which results in the need for continually high levels of cortical activation to maintain sustained attention.
@article{loo_cortical_2009,
title = {Cortical activity patterns in {ADHD} during arousal, activation and sustained attention},
volume = {47},
issn = {0028-3932},
url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2785488/},
doi = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.04.013},
abstract = {Objective
The goal of the present study is to test whether there are Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-related differences in brain electrical activity patterns across arousal, activation and vigilance states.
Method
The sample consists of 80 adults (38 with ADHD and 42 non-ADHD controls) who were recruited for a family study on the genetics of ADHD. Patterns of cortical activity were measured using electroencephalography (EEG) during baseline and sustained attention conditions and compared according to ADHD diagnostic status. Cortical activity was examined separately for the first, middle, and last 5-minutes of the sustained attention task to assess whether patterns differed over time and according the ADHD status.
Results
In frontal and parietal regions, patterns of activation in the alpha (8-10 Hertz) range differed according to ADHD status, indicating increased cortical arousal among ADHD subjects. Beta power (13 -14 and 17-18-hertz) also differed between ADHD and controls, indicating increased cortical activation is associated with ADHD. Behavioral performance on the sustained attention task did not differ significantly by diagnosis. Significant differences in EEG correlates of cognitive performance emerged by ADHD diagnosis and were primarily in frontal regions. Brain activation patterns recorded during the sustained attention task suggest that the ADHD group exhibited significantly increased cortical activation at the end of the task when compared to controls.
Conclusions
Adults with ADHD may have different neural organization primarily in frontal regions which results in the need for continually high levels of cortical activation to maintain sustained attention.},
number = {10},
urldate = {2020-05-03},
journal = {Neuropsychologia},
author = {Loo, Sandra K. and Hale, T. Sigi and Macion, James and Hanada, Grant and McGough, James J. and McCracken, James T. and Smalley, Susan L.},
month = aug,
year = {2009},
pmid = {19393254},
pmcid = {PMC2785488},
pages = {2114--2119},
}
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Patterns of cortical activity were measured using electroencephalography (EEG) during baseline and sustained attention conditions and compared according to ADHD diagnostic status. Cortical activity was examined separately for the first, middle, and last 5-minutes of the sustained attention task to assess whether patterns differed over time and according the ADHD status. Results In frontal and parietal regions, patterns of activation in the alpha (8-10 Hertz) range differed according to ADHD status, indicating increased cortical arousal among ADHD subjects. Beta power (13 -14 and 17-18-hertz) also differed between ADHD and controls, indicating increased cortical activation is associated with ADHD. Behavioral performance on the sustained attention task did not differ significantly by diagnosis. Significant differences in EEG correlates of cognitive performance emerged by ADHD diagnosis and were primarily in frontal regions. Brain activation patterns recorded during the sustained attention task suggest that the ADHD group exhibited significantly increased cortical activation at the end of the task when compared to controls. Conclusions Adults with ADHD may have different neural organization primarily in frontal regions which results in the need for continually high levels of cortical activation to maintain sustained attention.","number":"10","urldate":"2020-05-03","journal":"Neuropsychologia","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Loo"],"firstnames":["Sandra","K."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hale"],"firstnames":["T.","Sigi"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Macion"],"firstnames":["James"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hanada"],"firstnames":["Grant"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["McGough"],"firstnames":["James","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["McCracken"],"firstnames":["James","T."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Smalley"],"firstnames":["Susan","L."],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"August","year":"2009","pmid":"19393254","pmcid":"PMC2785488","pages":"2114–2119","bibtex":"@article{loo_cortical_2009,\n\ttitle = {Cortical activity patterns in {ADHD} during arousal, activation and sustained attention},\n\tvolume = {47},\n\tissn = {0028-3932},\n\turl = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2785488/},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.04.013},\n\tabstract = {Objective\nThe goal of the present study is to test whether there are Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-related differences in brain electrical activity patterns across arousal, activation and vigilance states.\n\nMethod\nThe sample consists of 80 adults (38 with ADHD and 42 non-ADHD controls) who were recruited for a family study on the genetics of ADHD. Patterns of cortical activity were measured using electroencephalography (EEG) during baseline and sustained attention conditions and compared according to ADHD diagnostic status. Cortical activity was examined separately for the first, middle, and last 5-minutes of the sustained attention task to assess whether patterns differed over time and according the ADHD status.\n\nResults\nIn frontal and parietal regions, patterns of activation in the alpha (8-10 Hertz) range differed according to ADHD status, indicating increased cortical arousal among ADHD subjects. Beta power (13 -14 and 17-18-hertz) also differed between ADHD and controls, indicating increased cortical activation is associated with ADHD. Behavioral performance on the sustained attention task did not differ significantly by diagnosis. Significant differences in EEG correlates of cognitive performance emerged by ADHD diagnosis and were primarily in frontal regions. Brain activation patterns recorded during the sustained attention task suggest that the ADHD group exhibited significantly increased cortical activation at the end of the task when compared to controls.\n\nConclusions\nAdults with ADHD may have different neural organization primarily in frontal regions which results in the need for continually high levels of cortical activation to maintain sustained attention.},\n\tnumber = {10},\n\turldate = {2020-05-03},\n\tjournal = {Neuropsychologia},\n\tauthor = {Loo, Sandra K. and Hale, T. Sigi and Macion, James and Hanada, Grant and McGough, James J. and McCracken, James T. and Smalley, Susan L.},\n\tmonth = aug,\n\tyear = {2009},\n\tpmid = {19393254},\n\tpmcid = {PMC2785488},\n\tpages = {2114--2119},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Loo, S. K.","Hale, T. S.","Macion, J.","Hanada, G.","McGough, J. J.","McCracken, J. T.","Smalley, S. 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