An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: update on limb muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Maltais, F., Decramer, M., Casaburi, R., Barreiro, E., Burelle, Y., Debigaré, R., Dekhuijzen, P. N. R., Franssen, F., Gayan-Ramirez, G., Gea, J., Gosker, H. R., Gosselink, R., Hayot, M., Hussain, S. N. A., Janssens, W., Polkey, M. I., Roca, J., Saey, D., Schols, A. M. W. J., Spruit, M. A., Steiner, M., Taivassalo, T., Troosters, T., Vogiatzis, I., Wagner, P. D., & ATS/ERS Ad Hoc Committee on Limb Muscle Dysfunction in COPD American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 189(9):e15–62, May, 2014.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
BACKGROUND: Limb muscle dysfunction is prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and it has important clinical implications, such as reduced exercise tolerance, quality of life, and even survival. Since the previous American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) statement on limb muscle dysfunction, important progress has been made on the characterization of this problem and on our understanding of its pathophysiology and clinical implications. PURPOSE: The purpose of this document is to update the 1999 ATS/ERS statement on limb muscle dysfunction in COPD. METHODS: An interdisciplinary committee of experts from the ATS and ERS Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Clinical Problems assemblies determined that the scope of this document should be limited to limb muscles. Committee members conducted focused reviews of the literature on several topics. A librarian also performed a literature search. An ATS methodologist provided advice to the committee, ensuring that the methodological approach was consistent with ATS standards. RESULTS: We identified important advances in our understanding of the extent and nature of the structural alterations in limb muscles in patients with COPD. Since the last update, landmark studies were published on the mechanisms of development of limb muscle dysfunction in COPD and on the treatment of this condition. We now have a better understanding of the clinical implications of limb muscle dysfunction. Although exercise training is the most potent intervention to address this condition, other therapies, such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation, are emerging. Assessment of limb muscle function can identify patients who are at increased risk of poor clinical outcomes, such as exercise intolerance and premature mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Limb muscle dysfunction is a key systemic consequence of COPD. However, there are still important gaps in our knowledge about the mechanisms of development of this problem. Strategies for early detection and specific treatments for this condition are also needed.
@article{maltais_official_2014,
	title = {An official {American} {Thoracic} {Society}/{European} {Respiratory} {Society} statement: update on limb muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease},
	volume = {189},
	issn = {1535-4970},
	shorttitle = {An official {American} {Thoracic} {Society}/{European} {Respiratory} {Society} statement},
	doi = {10.1164/rccm.201402-0373ST},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Limb muscle dysfunction is prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and it has important clinical implications, such as reduced exercise tolerance, quality of life, and even survival. Since the previous American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) statement on limb muscle dysfunction, important progress has been made on the characterization of this problem and on our understanding of its pathophysiology and clinical implications.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this document is to update the 1999 ATS/ERS statement on limb muscle dysfunction in COPD.
METHODS: An interdisciplinary committee of experts from the ATS and ERS Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Clinical Problems assemblies determined that the scope of this document should be limited to limb muscles. Committee members conducted focused reviews of the literature on several topics. A librarian also performed a literature search. An ATS methodologist provided advice to the committee, ensuring that the methodological approach was consistent with ATS standards.
RESULTS: We identified important advances in our understanding of the extent and nature of the structural alterations in limb muscles in patients with COPD. Since the last update, landmark studies were published on the mechanisms of development of limb muscle dysfunction in COPD and on the treatment of this condition. We now have a better understanding of the clinical implications of limb muscle dysfunction. Although exercise training is the most potent intervention to address this condition, other therapies, such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation, are emerging. Assessment of limb muscle function can identify patients who are at increased risk of poor clinical outcomes, such as exercise intolerance and premature mortality.
CONCLUSIONS: Limb muscle dysfunction is a key systemic consequence of COPD. However, there are still important gaps in our knowledge about the mechanisms of development of this problem. Strategies for early detection and specific treatments for this condition are also needed.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {9},
	journal = {American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine},
	author = {Maltais, François and Decramer, Marc and Casaburi, Richard and Barreiro, Esther and Burelle, Yan and Debigaré, Richard and Dekhuijzen, P. N. Richard and Franssen, Frits and Gayan-Ramirez, Ghislaine and Gea, Joaquim and Gosker, Harry R. and Gosselink, Rik and Hayot, Maurice and Hussain, Sabah N. A. and Janssens, Wim and Polkey, Micheal I. and Roca, Josep and Saey, Didier and Schols, Annemie M. W. J. and Spruit, Martijn A. and Steiner, Michael and Taivassalo, Tanja and Troosters, Thierry and Vogiatzis, Ioannis and Wagner, Peter D. and {ATS/ERS Ad Hoc Committee on Limb Muscle Dysfunction in COPD}},
	month = may,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24787074},
	pmcid = {PMC4098112},
	keywords = {Comorbidity, Databases, Bibliographic, Disease Progression, Exercise Therapy, Exercise Tolerance, Extremities, Humans, Hypoxia, Muscle, Skeletal, Obesity, Oxidative Stress, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Societies, Medical, United States, Vitamin D Deficiency},
	pages = {e15--62},
}
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