Observer effects and heritability of childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms. Martin, N., Scourfield, J., & McGuffin, P. The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 180:260–5, March, 2002. ![Observer effects and heritability of childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms. [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper abstract bibtex BACKGROUND: Twin studies have found that childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a strong genetic component. Estimates of heritability, the extent of non-additive genetic effects and of 'sibling contrast' effects vary between different studies. AIMS: To use multiple informants to assess the extent to which observer effects influence such estimates in an epidemiological sample of twins. METHOD: Questionnaire packs were sent to the families and teachers of twins aged 5-16 years in the Bro Taf region of South Wales. The twins were ascertained from community paediatric registers. RESULTS: Both parent- and teacher- rated data showed a high degree of heritability for ADHD measured as a symptom dimension, but the correlation between the two types of rater was modest. Bivariate analyses suggested that parent and teacher ratings reflect the effects of different genes. Self-report data from twins aged 11-16 years showed no evidence of genetic effects. CONCLUSIONS: Although ADHD is shown to be highly heritable by both parent- and teacher-rated data, the underlying genotypes may be substantially different. This has implications for study designs aiming to find genes that contribute to the disorder.
@article{martin_observer_2002,
title = {Observer effects and heritability of childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms.},
volume = {180},
issn = {0007-1250},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11872519},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Twin studies have found that childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a strong genetic component. Estimates of heritability, the extent of non-additive genetic effects and of 'sibling contrast' effects vary between different studies.
AIMS: To use multiple informants to assess the extent to which observer effects influence such estimates in an epidemiological sample of twins.
METHOD: Questionnaire packs were sent to the families and teachers of twins aged 5-16 years in the Bro Taf region of South Wales. The twins were ascertained from community paediatric registers.
RESULTS: Both parent- and teacher- rated data showed a high degree of heritability for ADHD measured as a symptom dimension, but the correlation between the two types of rater was modest. Bivariate analyses suggested that parent and teacher ratings reflect the effects of different genes. Self-report data from twins aged 11-16 years showed no evidence of genetic effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Although ADHD is shown to be highly heritable by both parent- and teacher-rated data, the underlying genotypes may be substantially different. This has implications for study designs aiming to find genes that contribute to the disorder.},
urldate = {2015-05-12},
journal = {The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science},
author = {Martin, Neilson and Scourfield, Jane and McGuffin, Peter},
month = mar,
year = {2002},
pmid = {11872519},
keywords = {Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: epi, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Observer Variation, Pedigree, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Statistics, Nonparametric, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic},
pages = {260--5},
}
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METHOD: Questionnaire packs were sent to the families and teachers of twins aged 5-16 years in the Bro Taf region of South Wales. The twins were ascertained from community paediatric registers. RESULTS: Both parent- and teacher- rated data showed a high degree of heritability for ADHD measured as a symptom dimension, but the correlation between the two types of rater was modest. Bivariate analyses suggested that parent and teacher ratings reflect the effects of different genes. Self-report data from twins aged 11-16 years showed no evidence of genetic effects. CONCLUSIONS: Although ADHD is shown to be highly heritable by both parent- and teacher-rated data, the underlying genotypes may be substantially different. This has implications for study designs aiming to find genes that contribute to the disorder.","urldate":"2015-05-12","journal":"The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Martin"],"firstnames":["Neilson"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Scourfield"],"firstnames":["Jane"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["McGuffin"],"firstnames":["Peter"],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"March","year":"2002","pmid":"11872519","keywords":"Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: epi, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: gen, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Observer Variation, Pedigree, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Statistics, Nonparametric, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic","pages":"260–5","bibtex":"@article{martin_observer_2002,\n\ttitle = {Observer effects and heritability of childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms.},\n\tvolume = {180},\n\tissn = {0007-1250},\n\turl = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11872519},\n\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: Twin studies have found that childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a strong genetic component. Estimates of heritability, the extent of non-additive genetic effects and of 'sibling contrast' effects vary between different studies.\n\nAIMS: To use multiple informants to assess the extent to which observer effects influence such estimates in an epidemiological sample of twins.\n\nMETHOD: Questionnaire packs were sent to the families and teachers of twins aged 5-16 years in the Bro Taf region of South Wales. The twins were ascertained from community paediatric registers.\n\nRESULTS: Both parent- and teacher- rated data showed a high degree of heritability for ADHD measured as a symptom dimension, but the correlation between the two types of rater was modest. Bivariate analyses suggested that parent and teacher ratings reflect the effects of different genes. Self-report data from twins aged 11-16 years showed no evidence of genetic effects.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Although ADHD is shown to be highly heritable by both parent- and teacher-rated data, the underlying genotypes may be substantially different. 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