Linguistic Functions of Head Movements in the Context of Speech. McClave, E. Z. Journal of Pragmatics, 32(7):855–878, June, 2000.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
Speaker head movements pattern predictably and have semantic, discourse, and communicative functions. Some head movements convey propositional content, while others carry semantic meanings beyond affirmation and negation. Side-to-side shakes correlate with expressions of inclusivity and intensification. Lateral movements also co-occur with uncertain statements and lexical repairs. In narration, head movements serve to locate referents in abstract space. A change in head posture marks switches between direct and indirect discourse, and speaker head nods function as backchannel requests to which listeners are extraordinarily sensitive. These findings are based on the microanalysis of videotaped conversations between native speakers of American Engli,;h. \textcopyright 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
@article{McClave2000,
  title = {Linguistic Functions of Head Movements in the Context of Speech},
  author = {McClave, Evelyn Z.},
  year = {2000},
  month = jun,
  volume = {32},
  pages = {855--878},
  issn = {03782166},
  doi = {10.1016/S0378-2166(99)00079-X},
  abstract = {Speaker head movements pattern predictably and have semantic, discourse, and communicative functions. Some head movements convey propositional content, while others carry semantic meanings beyond affirmation and negation. Side-to-side shakes correlate with expressions of inclusivity and intensification. Lateral movements also co-occur with uncertain statements and lexical repairs. In narration, head movements serve to locate referents in abstract space. A change in head posture marks switches between direct and indirect discourse, and speaker head nods function as backchannel requests to which listeners are extraordinarily sensitive. These findings are based on the microanalysis of videotaped conversations between native speakers of American Engli,;h. \textcopyright{} 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.},
  file = {/Users/mmaldona/Zotero/storage/78SIHT6B/McClave - 2000 - Linguistic functions of head movements in the cont.pdf},
  journal = {Journal of Pragmatics},
  language = {en},
  number = {7}
}

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