Alnus Glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. McVean, D. N. Journal of Ecology, 1953.
abstract   bibtex   
[Excerpt] A tree of moderate size attaining a height of 60-80 ft. (18-24 in.) in cultivation but natural specimens normally 10-40 ft. (3-12 m.) high. Habit variable from the low multiple-stemmed bush form to tall single-bole trees. In favourable situations growth is strongly excurrent, the short main branches departing at an acute angle, which becomes a right angle with age, and forking little except at their peripheral ends. In woodland the stems are tall and thin, bearing a small, sparse crown, but the pioneer form is shorter and stouter with stronger, more irregular, open branching. Bark brown, smooth at first, becoming darker, fissured and rough. Young twigs triangular in cross-section, green to reddish brown according to illumination (both colours normally visible on opposite sides of the same shoot); lenticels prominent, yellow-brown. Long and short shoots present. Leaf buds dark purple with two stipular scales, stalked. Phyllotaxy normally 2/3. Leaves plicate in the bud, glutinous when young, orbicular, usually emarginate, finely or coarsely serrate except at the cuneate bale, often obscurely lobed or sinuate, dark green and with tufts of hairs in the angles of the principal veins beneath. Laminae 4.5 x 4.0 cm. to &0 x 7.0 cm. with petioles one-quarter to one-half as long and green or dark red. Male catkins 2-5 at end of branch, long and drooping, green or purplish; female catkins 2-12 on lateral shoot of the same branch, oval, erect, dark crimson enlarging to 1.0-2.5 cm. in length and becoming green in fruit; scales persistent and blackening after the fall of the nutlets. Fruit brown, compressed, one-seeded, with lateral corky outgrowths and two persistent styles. [...]
@article{mcveanAlnusGlutinosaGaertn1953,
  title = {Alnus Glutinosa ({{L}}.) {{Gaertn}}.},
  author = {McVean, D. N.},
  year = {1953},
  volume = {41},
  abstract = {[Excerpt] A tree of moderate size attaining a height of 60-80 ft. (18-24 in.) in cultivation but natural specimens normally 10-40 ft. (3-12 m.) high. Habit variable from the low multiple-stemmed bush form to tall single-bole trees. In favourable situations growth is strongly excurrent, the short main branches departing at an acute angle, which becomes a right angle with age, and forking little except at their peripheral ends. In woodland the stems are tall and thin, bearing a small, sparse crown, but the pioneer form is shorter and stouter with stronger, more irregular, open branching. Bark brown, smooth at first, becoming darker, fissured and rough. Young twigs triangular in cross-section, green to reddish brown according to illumination (both colours normally visible on opposite sides of the same shoot); lenticels prominent, yellow-brown. Long and short shoots present. Leaf buds dark purple with two stipular scales, stalked. Phyllotaxy normally 2/3. Leaves plicate in the bud, glutinous when young, orbicular, usually emarginate, finely or coarsely serrate except at the cuneate bale, often obscurely lobed or sinuate, dark green and with tufts of hairs in the angles of the principal veins beneath. Laminae 4.5 x 4.0 cm. to \&0 x 7.0 cm. with petioles one-quarter to one-half as long and green or dark red. Male catkins 2-5 at end of branch, long and drooping, green or purplish; female catkins 2-12 on lateral shoot of the same branch, oval, erect, dark crimson enlarging to 1.0-2.5 cm. in length and becoming green in fruit; scales persistent and blackening after the fall of the nutlets. Fruit brown, compressed, one-seeded, with lateral corky outgrowths and two persistent styles. [...]},
  journal = {Journal of Ecology},
  keywords = {*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-13620141,alnus-glutinosa,monography},
  lccn = {INRMM-MiD:c-13620141},
  number = {2}
}

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