Diagnosis of bipolar disorders and body mass index predict clustering based on similarities in cortical thickness

Diagnosis of bipolar disorders and body mass index predict clustering based on similarities in cortical thickness—\ENIGMA\ study in 2436 individuals. McWhinney, S. R, Abé, C., Alda, M., Benedetti, F., Bøen, E., Del Mar Bonnin, C., Borgers, T., Brosch, K., Canales‐Rodríguez, E. J, Cannon, D. M, Dannlowski, U., Diaz‐Zuluaga, A. M, Dietze, L., Elvsåshagen, T., Eyler, L. T, Fullerton, J. M, Goikolea, J. M, Goltermann, J., Grotegerd, D., Haarman, B. C M, Hahn, T., Howells, F. M, Ingvar, M., Kircher, T. T J, Krug, A., Kuplicki, R. T, Landén, M., Lemke, H., Liberg, B., Lopez‐Jaramillo, C., Malt, U. F, Martyn, F. M, Mazza, E., McDonald, C., McPhilemy, G., Meier, S., Meinert, S., Meller, T., Melloni, E. M T, Mitchell, P. B, Nabulsi, L., Nenadic, I., Opel, N., Ophoff, R. A, Overs, B. J, Pfarr, J., Pineda‐Zapata, J. A, Pomarol‐Clotet, E., Raduà, J., Repple, J., Richter, M., Ringwald, K. G, Roberts, G., Ross, A., Salvador, R., Savitz, J., Schmitt, S., Schofield, P. R, Sim, K., Stein, D. J, Stein, F., Temmingh, H. S, Thiel, K., Thomopoulos, S. I, Van Haren, N. E M, Van Gestel, H., Vargas, C., Vieta, E., Vreeker, A., Waltemate, L., Yatham, L. N, Ching, C. R K, Andreassen, O. A, Thompson, P. M, Hajek, T., & for the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorders Working Group Bipolar Disorders, 24(5):509–520, aug, 2022.
$Diagnosis of bipolar disorders and body mass index predict clustering based on similarities in cortical thickness—\ENIGMA\ study in 2436 individuals [link]$ Paper doi abstract bibtex

Abstract Aims Rates of obesity have reached epidemic proportions, especially among people with psychiatric disorders. While the effects of obesity on the brain are of major interest in medicine, they remain markedly under‐researched in psychiatry. Methods We obtained body mass index (BMI) and magnetic resonance imaging‐derived regional cortical thickness, surface area from 836 bipolar disorders (BD) and 1600 control individuals from 14 sites within the ENIGMA‐BD Working Group. We identified regionally specific profiles of cortical thickness using K‐means clustering and studied clinical characteristics associated with individual cortical profiles. Results We detected two clusters based on similarities among participants in cortical thickness. The lower thickness cluster (46.8% of the sample) showed thinner cortex, especially in the frontal and temporal lobes and was associated with diagnosis of BD, higher BMI, and older age. BD individuals in the low thickness cluster were more likely to have the diagnosis of bipolar disorder I and less likely to be treated with lithium. In contrast, clustering based on similarities in the cortical surface area was unrelated to BD or BMI and only tracked age and sex. Conclusions We provide evidence that both BD and obesity are associated with similar alterations in cortical thickness, but not surface area. The fact that obesity increased the chance of having low cortical thickness could explain differences in cortical measures among people with BD. The thinner cortex in individuals with higher BMI, which was additive and similar to the BD‐associated alterations, may suggest that treating obesity could lower the extent of cortical thinning in BD.

@article{mcwhinney_diagnosis_2022,
abstract = {Abstract

Aims
Rates of obesity have reached epidemic proportions, especially among people with psychiatric disorders. While the effects of obesity on the brain are of major interest in medicine, they remain markedly under‐researched in psychiatry.


Methods
We obtained body mass index (BMI) and magnetic resonance imaging‐derived regional cortical thickness, surface area from 836 bipolar disorders (BD) and 1600 control individuals from 14 sites within the ENIGMA‐BD Working Group. We identified regionally specific profiles of cortical thickness using K‐means clustering and studied clinical characteristics associated with individual cortical profiles.


Results
We detected two clusters based on similarities among participants in cortical thickness. The lower thickness cluster (46.8{\%} of the sample) showed thinner cortex, especially in the frontal and temporal lobes and was associated with diagnosis of BD, higher BMI, and older age. BD individuals in the low thickness cluster were more likely to have the diagnosis of bipolar disorder I and less likely to be treated with lithium. In contrast, clustering based on similarities in the cortical surface area was unrelated to BD or BMI and only tracked age and sex.


Conclusions
We provide evidence that both BD and obesity are associated with similar alterations in cortical thickness, but not surface area. The fact that obesity increased the chance of having low cortical thickness could explain differences in cortical measures among people with BD. The thinner cortex in individuals with higher BMI, which was additive and similar to the BD‐associated alterations, may suggest that treating obesity could lower the extent of cortical thinning in BD.},
author = {McWhinney, Sean R and Ab{\'{e}}, Christoph and Alda, Martin and Benedetti, Francesco and B{\o}en, Erlend and {Del Mar Bonnin}, Caterina and Borgers, Tiana and Brosch, Katharina and Canales‐Rodr{\'{i}}guez, Erick J and Cannon, Dara M and Dannlowski, Udo and Diaz‐Zuluaga, Ana M and Dietze, Lorielle and Elvs{\aa}shagen, Torbj{\o}rn and Eyler, Lisa T and Fullerton, Janice M and Goikolea, Jose M and Goltermann, Janik and Grotegerd, Dominik and Haarman, Bartholomeus C M and Hahn, Tim and Howells, Fleur M and Ingvar, Martin and Kircher, Tilo T J and Krug, Axel and Kuplicki, Rayus T and Land{\'{e}}n, Mikael and Lemke, Hannah and Liberg, Benny and Lopez‐Jaramillo, Carlos and Malt, Ulrik F and Martyn, Fiona M and Mazza, Elena and McDonald, Colm and McPhilemy, Genevieve and Meier, Sandra and Meinert, Susanne and Meller, Tina and Melloni, Elisa M T and Mitchell, Philip B and Nabulsi, Leila and Nenadic, Igor and Opel, Nils and Ophoff, Roel A and Overs, Bronwyn J and Pfarr, Julia‐Katharina and Pineda‐Zapata, Julian A and Pomarol‐Clotet, Edith and Radu{\`{a}}, Joaquim and Repple, Jonathan and Richter, Maike and Ringwald, Kai G and Roberts, Gloria and Ross, Alex and Salvador, Raymond and Savitz, Jonathan and Schmitt, Simon and Schofield, Peter R and Sim, Kang and Stein, Dan J and Stein, Frederike and Temmingh, Henk S and Thiel, Katharina and Thomopoulos, Sophia I and {Van Haren}, Neeltje E M and {Van Gestel}, Holly and Vargas, Cristian and Vieta, Eduard and Vreeker, Annabel and Waltemate, Lena and Yatham, Lakshmi N and Ching, Christopher R K and Andreassen, Ole A and Thompson, Paul M and Hajek, Tomas and {for the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorders Working Group}},
doi = {10.1111/bdi.13172},
file = {:Users/jacquelinebracher/Zotero/storage/I5GSRS9E/McWhinney et al. - 2022 - Diagnosis of bipolar disorders and body mass index.pdf:pdf},
issn = {1398-5647, 1399-5618},
journal = {Bipolar Disorders},
month = {aug},
number = {5},
pages = {509--520},
title = {{Diagnosis of bipolar disorders and body mass index predict clustering based on similarities in cortical thickness—{\{}ENIGMA{\}} study in 2436 individuals}},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bdi.13172},
volume = {24},
year = {2022}
}

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