@article{meier_angiotensin-converting_2000,
	title = {Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and breast cancer},
	volume = {160},
	issn = {0003-9926},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors has been linked to a decreased risk of developing cancer, and longer-term use of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) has been associated with an increased risk of developing cancer in general and breast cancer in particular.
METHODS: Using data from the General Practice Research Database, we conducted a large case-control analysis. Previous exposure to ACE inhibitors, CCBs, and beta-blockers was compared between 3706 postmenopausal women who were diagnosed with incident breast cancer between 1992 and 1997 and 14155 matched-control women.
RESULTS: Compared with nonusers of antihypertensive drugs, women who used ACE inhibitors (odds ratio [OR], 1.0; 95\% confidence interval [CI], 0.7-1.5), CCBs (OR, 0.9; 95\% CI, 0.7-1.2), or beta-blockers (OR, 1.0; 95\% CI, 0.8-1.2) for 5 or more years were not at an increased or decreased risk of developing breast cancer (adjusted for smoking and body mass index [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters]). The risk of breast cancer did not differ between users of different ACE inhibitors or different CCBs (dihydropyridines, diltiazem hydrochloride, and verapamil hydrochloride) or between users of short-acting (OR, 1.0; 95\% CI, 0.7-1.4) or sustained-release (OR, 1.0; 95\% CI, 0.8-1.3) nifedipine preparations.
CONCLUSION: The findings of this large case-control analysis do not support the hypothesis that longer-term use of ACE inhibitors or CCBs affects the risk of developing breast cancer.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},
	author = {Meier, C. R. and Derby, L. E. and Jick, S. S. and Jick, H.},
	month = feb,
	year = {2000},
	pmid = {10668837},
	keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists, Aged, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Breast Neoplasms, Calcium Channel Blockers, Drug Therapy, Combination, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States, incidence},
	pages = {349--353}
}

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METHODS: Using data from the General Practice Research Database, we conducted a large case-control analysis. Previous exposure to ACE inhibitors, CCBs, and beta-blockers was compared between 3706 postmenopausal women who were diagnosed with incident breast cancer between 1992 and 1997 and 14155 matched-control women. RESULTS: Compared with nonusers of antihypertensive drugs, women who used ACE inhibitors (odds ratio [OR], 1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7-1.5), CCBs (OR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.7-1.2), or beta-blockers (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.8-1.2) for 5 or more years were not at an increased or decreased risk of developing breast cancer (adjusted for smoking and body mass index [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters]). The risk of breast cancer did not differ between users of different ACE inhibitors or different CCBs (dihydropyridines, diltiazem hydrochloride, and verapamil hydrochloride) or between users of short-acting (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.7-1.4) or sustained-release (OR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.8-1.3) nifedipine preparations. CONCLUSION: The findings of this large case-control analysis do not support the hypothesis that longer-term use of ACE inhibitors or CCBs affects the risk of developing breast cancer.","language":"eng","number":"3","journal":"Archives of Internal Medicine","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Meier"],"firstnames":["C.","R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Derby"],"firstnames":["L.","E."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Jick"],"firstnames":["S.","S."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Jick"],"firstnames":["H."],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"February","year":"2000","pmid":"10668837","keywords":"Adrenergic beta-Antagonists, Aged, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Breast Neoplasms, Calcium Channel Blockers, Drug Therapy, Combination, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Odds Ratio, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, United States, incidence","pages":"349--353","bibtex":"@article{meier_angiotensin-converting_2000,\n\ttitle = {Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and breast cancer},\n\tvolume = {160},\n\tissn = {0003-9926},\n\tabstract = {BACKGROUND: The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors has been linked to a decreased risk of developing cancer, and longer-term use of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) has been associated with an increased risk of developing cancer in general and breast cancer in particular.\nMETHODS: Using data from the General Practice Research Database, we conducted a large case-control analysis. Previous exposure to ACE inhibitors, CCBs, and beta-blockers was compared between 3706 postmenopausal women who were diagnosed with incident breast cancer between 1992 and 1997 and 14155 matched-control women.\nRESULTS: Compared with nonusers of antihypertensive drugs, women who used ACE inhibitors (odds ratio [OR], 1.0; 95\\% confidence interval [CI], 0.7-1.5), CCBs (OR, 0.9; 95\\% CI, 0.7-1.2), or beta-blockers (OR, 1.0; 95\\% CI, 0.8-1.2) for 5 or more years were not at an increased or decreased risk of developing breast cancer (adjusted for smoking and body mass index [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters]). The risk of breast cancer did not differ between users of different ACE inhibitors or different CCBs (dihydropyridines, diltiazem hydrochloride, and verapamil hydrochloride) or between users of short-acting (OR, 1.0; 95\\% CI, 0.7-1.4) or sustained-release (OR, 1.0; 95\\% CI, 0.8-1.3) nifedipine preparations.\nCONCLUSION: The findings of this large case-control analysis do not support the hypothesis that longer-term use of ACE inhibitors or CCBs affects the risk of developing breast cancer.},\n\tlanguage = {eng},\n\tnumber = {3},\n\tjournal = {Archives of Internal Medicine},\n\tauthor = {Meier, C. R. and Derby, L. E. and Jick, S. 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