@article{
 title = {T cell repertoire scanning is promoted by dynamic dendritic cell behavior and random T cell motility in the lymph node.},
 type = {article},
 year = {2004},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {Animals,Cell Separation,Dendritic Cells,Dendritic Cells: immunology,Flow Cytometry,Lymph Nodes,Lymph Nodes: immunology,Mice,T-Lymphocyte Subsets,Transgenic},
 pages = {998-1003},
 volume = {101},
 websites = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=327133&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract%5Cnhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14722354%5Cnhttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC327133},
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 created = {2018-03-05T02:58:05.329Z},
 file_attached = {true},
 profile_id = {fc9ef84f-888b-33fd-b1d3-fbf022f2f0c8},
 group_id = {21bf6821-cbba-3be9-9d50-072f76d57584},
 last_modified = {2018-03-05T02:58:05.483Z},
 read = {false},
 starred = {false},
 authored = {false},
 confirmed = {true},
 hidden = {false},
 citation_key = {Miller2004a},
 private_publication = {false},
 abstract = {Dendritic cells (DCs) ingest antigens in peripheral tissues and migrate to lymph nodes where they present MHC class II-bound antigen to CD4(+) T cells. We used two-photon microscopy to image the single-cell dynamics of interactions between DCs and T cells within intact lymph nodes in the absence of relevant antigen. DCs were fluorescently labeled in vivo by cutaneous injection of alum adjuvant including carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE). CFSE-positive DCs (CD11c(+), CD11b(+), and low-to-intermediate CD8(+)) were observed in draining lymph nodes 24-72 h later. Labeled DCs meandered slowly (2-3 microm x min(-1)) in the T cell zone near B cell follicles but vigorously extended long agile dendrites. Encounters between T cells and DCs arose as T cells moved autonomously along random paths. Moreover, T cells did not accumulate around DCs, and their relative velocities approaching and departing DCs were equivalent, implying that T cells are not attracted toward DCs by chemotactic gradients but rather encounter them by chance. T cell/DC contacts occurred primarily on dendrites at arm's length from the DC soma and typically lasted approximately 3 min, enabling an individual DC to interact with up to 5000 T cells per hour. We conclude that dynamic DC gesticulation and random T cell motility together enhance the stochastic scanning of the T cell repertoire, thereby enabling rapid initiation of the immune response.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Miller, Mark J and Hejazi, Arsalan S and Wei, Sindy H and Cahalan, Michael D and Parker, Ian},
 journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
 number = {4}
}

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We used two-photon microscopy to image the single-cell dynamics of interactions between DCs and T cells within intact lymph nodes in the absence of relevant antigen. DCs were fluorescently labeled in vivo by cutaneous injection of alum adjuvant including carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE). CFSE-positive DCs (CD11c(+), CD11b(+), and low-to-intermediate CD8(+)) were observed in draining lymph nodes 24-72 h later. Labeled DCs meandered slowly (2-3 microm x min(-1)) in the T cell zone near B cell follicles but vigorously extended long agile dendrites. Encounters between T cells and DCs arose as T cells moved autonomously along random paths. Moreover, T cells did not accumulate around DCs, and their relative velocities approaching and departing DCs were equivalent, implying that T cells are not attracted toward DCs by chemotactic gradients but rather encounter them by chance. T cell/DC contacts occurred primarily on dendrites at arm's length from the DC soma and typically lasted approximately 3 min, enabling an individual DC to interact with up to 5000 T cells per hour. We conclude that dynamic DC gesticulation and random T cell motility together enhance the stochastic scanning of the T cell repertoire, thereby enabling rapid initiation of the immune response.","bibtype":"article","author":"Miller, Mark J and Hejazi, Arsalan S and Wei, Sindy H and Cahalan, Michael D and Parker, Ian","journal":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","number":"4","bibtex":"@article{\n title = {T cell repertoire scanning is promoted by dynamic dendritic cell behavior and random T cell motility in the lymph node.},\n type = {article},\n year = {2004},\n identifiers = {[object Object]},\n keywords = {Animals,Cell Separation,Dendritic Cells,Dendritic Cells: immunology,Flow Cytometry,Lymph Nodes,Lymph Nodes: immunology,Mice,T-Lymphocyte Subsets,Transgenic},\n pages = {998-1003},\n volume = {101},\n websites = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=327133&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract%5Cnhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14722354%5Cnhttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC327133},\n id = {945373a1-10e0-3282-b9aa-ce7ce90313a1},\n created = {2018-03-05T02:58:05.329Z},\n file_attached = {true},\n profile_id = {fc9ef84f-888b-33fd-b1d3-fbf022f2f0c8},\n group_id = {21bf6821-cbba-3be9-9d50-072f76d57584},\n last_modified = {2018-03-05T02:58:05.483Z},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n citation_key = {Miller2004a},\n private_publication = {false},\n abstract = {Dendritic cells (DCs) ingest antigens in peripheral tissues and migrate to lymph nodes where they present MHC class II-bound antigen to CD4(+) T cells. 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T cell/DC contacts occurred primarily on dendrites at arm's length from the DC soma and typically lasted approximately 3 min, enabling an individual DC to interact with up to 5000 T cells per hour. 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