First indications that northern bottlenose whales are sensitive to behavioural disturbance from anthropogenic noise

First indications that northern bottlenose whales are sensitive to behavioural disturbance from anthropogenic noise. Miller, P. J. O., Kvadsheim, P. H., Lam, F. P. A., Tyack, P. L., Curé, C., DeRuiter, S. L., Kleivane, L., Sivle, L. D., van IJsselmuide, S. P., Visser, F., Wensveen, P. J., von Benda-Beckmann, A. M., Mart\́in López, L. M., Narazaki, T., & Hooker, S. K. Royal Society Open Science, The Royal Society, 2015.
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Although northern bottlenose whales were the most heavily hunted beaked whale, we have little information about this species in its remote habitat of the North Atlantic Ocean. Underwater anthropogenic noise and disruption of their natural habitat may be major threats, given the sensitivity of other beaked whales to such noise disturbance. We attached dataloggers to 13 northern bottlenose whales and compared their natural sounds and movements to those of one individual exposed to escalating levels of 1\textendash2 kHz upsweep naval sonar signals. At a received sound pressure level (SPL) of 98 dB re 1 Î¼Pa, the whale turned to approach the sound source, but at a received SPL of 107 dB re 1 Î¼Pa, the whale began moving in an unusually straight course and then made a near 180\textdegree turn away from the source, and performed the longest and deepest dive (94 min, 2339 m) recorded for this species. Animal movement parameters differed significantly from baseline for more than 7 h until the tag fell off 33\textendash36 km away. No clicks were emitted during the response period, indicating cessation of normal echolocation-based foraging. A sharp decline in both acoustic and visual detections of conspecifics after exposure suggests other whales in the area responded similarly. Though more data are needed, our results indicate high sensitivity of this species to acoustic disturbance, with consequent risk from marine industrialization and naval activity.

@ARTICLE{Miller2015a,
  author = {Miller, P. J. O. and Kvadsheim, P. H. and Lam, F. P. A. and Tyack,
	P. L. and Cur{\'e}, C. and DeRuiter, S. L. and Kleivane, L. and Sivle,
	L. D. and van IJsselmuide, S. P. and Visser, F. and Wensveen, P.
	J. and von Benda-Beckmann, A. M. and Mart{\'\i}n L{\'o}pez, L. M.
	and Narazaki, T. and Hooker, S. K.},
  title = {First indications that northern bottlenose whales are sensitive to
	behavioural disturbance from anthropogenic noise},
  journal = {Royal Society Open Science},
  year = {2015},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  abstract = {Although northern bottlenose whales were the most heavily hunted beaked
	whale, we have little information about this species in its remote
	habitat of the North Atlantic Ocean. Underwater anthropogenic noise
	and disruption of their natural habitat may be major threats, given
	the sensitivity of other beaked whales to such noise disturbance.
	We attached dataloggers to 13 northern bottlenose whales and compared
	their natural sounds and movements to those of one individual exposed
	to escalating levels of 1{\textendash}2 kHz upsweep naval sonar signals.
	At a received sound pressure level (SPL) of 98 dB re 1 Î¼Pa, the
	whale turned to approach the sound source, but at a received SPL
	of 107 dB re 1 Î¼Pa, the whale began moving in an unusually straight
	course and then made a near 180{\textdegree} turn away from the source,
	and performed the longest and deepest dive (94 min, 2339 m) recorded
	for this species. Animal movement parameters differed significantly
	from baseline for more than 7 h until the tag fell off 33{\textendash}36
	km away. No clicks were emitted during the response period, indicating
	cessation of normal echolocation-based foraging. A sharp decline
	in both acoustic and visual detections of conspecifics after exposure
	suggests other whales in the area responded similarly. Though more
	data are needed, our results indicate high sensitivity of this species
	to acoustic disturbance, with consequent risk from marine industrialization
	and naval activity.},
  doi = {10.1098/rsos.140484},
  file = {:Milleretal2015.pdf:PDF},
  owner = {Tiago Marques},
  publisher = {The Royal Society},
  timestamp = {2015.09.24}
}

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Underwater anthropogenic noise and disruption of their natural habitat may be major threats, given the sensitivity of other beaked whales to such noise disturbance. We attached dataloggers to 13 northern bottlenose whales and compared their natural sounds and movements to those of one individual exposed to escalating levels of 1\\textendash2 kHz upsweep naval sonar signals. At a received sound pressure level (SPL) of 98 dB re 1 Î¼Pa, the whale turned to approach the sound source, but at a received SPL of 107 dB re 1 Î¼Pa, the whale began moving in an unusually straight course and then made a near 180\\textdegree turn away from the source, and performed the longest and deepest dive (94 min, 2339 m) recorded for this species. Animal movement parameters differed significantly from baseline for more than 7 h until the tag fell off 33\\textendash36 km away. No clicks were emitted during the response period, indicating cessation of normal echolocation-based foraging. 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