@article{milonas_development_2000,
	title = {Development, survivorship, and reproduction of {Adoxophyes} orana ({Lepidoptera}: {Tortricidae}) at constant temperatures},
	volume = {93},
	issn = {0013-8746},
	url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1603/0013-8746(2000)093%5B0096:DSAROA%5D2.0.CO%3B2},
	doi = {10.1603/0013-8746(2000)093[0096:DSAROA]2.0.CO;2},
	abstract = {Laboratory studies were conducted to assess the effect of temperature on the development, survival, fecundity, and longevity of Adoxophyes orana (Fischer von Röslerstamm) at 5 different constant temperatures (14, 17, 21, 25, and 30°C). Total developmental time ranged from 50.2 d at 14°C to 20.7 d at 25°C. The lower developmental threshold for each instar and total larval stage ranged from 4.9 to 7.1°C. On average 333.3 DD are required for total larval development. Survival for total larval stage was reduced substantially at the lower and higher temperatures examined. The mean longevity for females was 13.5 d at 14°C and 7.6 d at 30°C, whereas for males, mean longevity ranged from 14.9 d at 21°C to 7.9 d at 30°C. Females laid the fewest eggs (70.6) at 14°C. Intrinsic rate of increase ranges from 0.0285 at 30°C to 0.1314 at 25°C. Extreme temperatures had a negative effect on life table parameters. The effect of temperature on life history patterns of A. orana is discussed with respect to control methods and phenology models.},
	number = {1},
	journal = {Annals of the Entomological Society of America},
	author = {Milonas, PG and Savopoulou-Soultani, M},
	year = {2000},
	note = {00000},
	pages = {96--102}
}

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