@article{miyajima_ordinance_2023,
	title = {Ordinance influences individuals' perceptions towards prospects of social circumstance but not the status quo: {An} experimental field study on sexual minorities issues in {Japan}},
	volume = {26},
	issn = {13672223},
	url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85157990405&doi=10.1111%2fajsp.12568&partnerID=40&md5=e0e0a84e8776d7ab791617a423fe841c},
	doi = {10.1111/ajsp.12568},
	abstract = {Scientific evidence shows that institutional decisions can change individuals' private attitudes towards relevant issues. However, little is known about their effect on individuals' perceptions of social norms. This intriguing question has gained the attention of scholars. Nonetheless, the findings are primarily observed only in samples of the Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, and Democratic countries, leading to doubts about their generalisability. This study experimentally tested residents' (N = 411) reactions to the new Tokyo ordinance prohibiting discrimination against sexual minorities enacted on October 5, 2018, and tested whether it dispelled self–other discrepancies regarding tolerance towards sexual minorities (i.e., pluralistic ignorance). The results showed that exposure to information about enactment increased future perceptions of support and understanding of sexual minorities. By contrast, private attitudes, perceptions of current social norms, and willingness to speak out did not change. Willingness to speak out was indirectly enhanced through increased perceptions of gaining future support. Furthermore, Tokyo residents overestimated other residents' negative attitudes towards sexual minorities. However, even when informed of the new ordinance, this self–other discrepancy in intolerance towards sexual minorities was not corrected. These findings suggest that institutional decisions can shape the perception of social norm change in the future beyond Western countries. © 2023 Asian Association of Social Psychology and John Wiley \& Sons Australia, Ltd.},
	language = {English},
	number = {4},
	journal = {Asian Journal of Social Psychology},
	author = {Miyajima, Takeru and Nakawake, Yo and Meng, Xianwei and Sudo, Ryunosuke},
	year = {2023},
	note = {Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Type: Article},
	keywords = {Japan, adult, article, discrimination against sexual and gender minorities, female, field study, human, major clinical study, male, perception, resident, sexual and gender minority, social norm},
	pages = {419 -- 430},
}

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This intriguing question has gained the attention of scholars. Nonetheless, the findings are primarily observed only in samples of the Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, and Democratic countries, leading to doubts about their generalisability. This study experimentally tested residents' (N = 411) reactions to the new Tokyo ordinance prohibiting discrimination against sexual minorities enacted on October 5, 2018, and tested whether it dispelled self–other discrepancies regarding tolerance towards sexual minorities (i.e., pluralistic ignorance). The results showed that exposure to information about enactment increased future perceptions of support and understanding of sexual minorities. By contrast, private attitudes, perceptions of current social norms, and willingness to speak out did not change. Willingness to speak out was indirectly enhanced through increased perceptions of gaining future support. Furthermore, Tokyo residents overestimated other residents' negative attitudes towards sexual minorities. However, even when informed of the new ordinance, this self–other discrepancy in intolerance towards sexual minorities was not corrected. These findings suggest that institutional decisions can shape the perception of social norm change in the future beyond Western countries. © 2023 Asian Association of Social Psychology and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.","language":"English","number":"4","journal":"Asian Journal of Social Psychology","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Miyajima"],"firstnames":["Takeru"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Nakawake"],"firstnames":["Yo"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Meng"],"firstnames":["Xianwei"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Sudo"],"firstnames":["Ryunosuke"],"suffixes":[]}],"year":"2023","note":"Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc Type: Article","keywords":"Japan, adult, article, discrimination against sexual and gender minorities, female, field study, human, major clinical study, male, perception, resident, sexual and gender minority, social norm","pages":"419 – 430","bibtex":"@article{miyajima_ordinance_2023,\n\ttitle = {Ordinance influences individuals' perceptions towards prospects of social circumstance but not the status quo: {An} experimental field study on sexual minorities issues in {Japan}},\n\tvolume = {26},\n\tissn = {13672223},\n\turl = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85157990405&doi=10.1111%2fajsp.12568&partnerID=40&md5=e0e0a84e8776d7ab791617a423fe841c},\n\tdoi = {10.1111/ajsp.12568},\n\tabstract = {Scientific evidence shows that institutional decisions can change individuals' private attitudes towards relevant issues. However, little is known about their effect on individuals' perceptions of social norms. This intriguing question has gained the attention of scholars. Nonetheless, the findings are primarily observed only in samples of the Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, and Democratic countries, leading to doubts about their generalisability. This study experimentally tested residents' (N = 411) reactions to the new Tokyo ordinance prohibiting discrimination against sexual minorities enacted on October 5, 2018, and tested whether it dispelled self–other discrepancies regarding tolerance towards sexual minorities (i.e., pluralistic ignorance). The results showed that exposure to information about enactment increased future perceptions of support and understanding of sexual minorities. By contrast, private attitudes, perceptions of current social norms, and willingness to speak out did not change. Willingness to speak out was indirectly enhanced through increased perceptions of gaining future support. Furthermore, Tokyo residents overestimated other residents' negative attitudes towards sexual minorities. However, even when informed of the new ordinance, this self–other discrepancy in intolerance towards sexual minorities was not corrected. 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