The Strictness of Strict Liability. Moore, M. S. Criminal Law and Philosophy, 12(3):513–529, September, 2018.
The Strictness of Strict Liability [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
This article conceptualizes what strict liability is in the criminal law. Four properties are found to be individually necessary, only jointly sufficient, for there to be the kind of moral blameworthiness that must underlie any just punishment: prima facie wrongdoing, absence of justification, prima facie culpability, and absence of excuse. Whenever criminal liability is imposed without the presence of one or more of these properties, the liabuility is said to be strict.
@article{moore_strictness_2018,
	title = {The {Strictness} of {Strict} {Liability}},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {1871-9805},
	url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11572-017-9438-5},
	doi = {10.1007/s11572-017-9438-5},
	abstract = {This article conceptualizes what strict liability is in the criminal law. Four properties are found to be individually necessary, only jointly sufficient, for there to be the kind of moral blameworthiness that must underlie any just punishment: prima facie wrongdoing, absence of justification, prima facie culpability, and absence of excuse. Whenever criminal liability is imposed without the presence of one or more of these properties, the liabuility is said to be strict.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2018-09-10},
	journal = {Criminal Law and Philosophy},
	author = {Moore, Michael S.},
	month = sep,
	year = {2018},
	keywords = {Ignorance of law, Negligence, Strict liability, Vicarious liability},
	pages = {513--529},
}

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