Targeted survey for non-indigenous marine species in Port Tarakohe, New Zealand. Morrisey, D. Technical Report NEL2010-021, Prepard for Tasman District Council, Nelson, New Zealand, August, 2010.
Targeted survey for non-indigenous marine species in Port Tarakohe, New Zealand [pdf]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
The objectives of the targeted survey for non-indigenous marine species in Port Tarakohe, commissioned by Tasman District Council, were to detect incursions of seven primary and three secondary target marine species and, where possible, to detect incursions of other non-indigenous species not previously known from Port Tarakohe or the surrounding area. The primary target species are listed on the unwanted organisms register under the Biosecurity Act 1993 and are considered to present a significant risk of arriving and establishing in New Zealand: the alga Caulerpa taxifolia, the Japanese kelp Undaria pinnatifida, the polychaete worm Sabella spallanzanii, the bivalve Potamocorbula amurensis, the crab Carcinus maenas, the seastar Asterias amurensis and the ascidian (seasquirt) Styela clava. Two of these species (S. spallanzanii and S. clava) are already present in New Zealand but at a limited number of locations, while U. pinnatifida is widespread along the east coast of the South Island and southern North Island. The secondary species are known to be established in New Zealand’s coastal waters but are confined to a limited number of geographic locations: the bivalve Musculista senhousia and the seasquirts Didemnum sp. and Eudistoma elongatum. Methods used were compatible with those used in the surveys for MAF Biosecurity New Zealand’s (MAFBNZ) targeted surveillance programme for non-indigenous marine species, delivered by NIWA at other ports and harbours around New Zealand. The target-species survey of Tarakohe follows a baseline biological survey of Golden Bay, including Port Tarakohe, commissioned by MAFBNZ in 2007. A total of 87 locations was surveyed in Port Tarakohe in July 2010, using a variety of techniques designed to sample a range of habitat types encompassing soft and hard surfaces, such as mud and gravel bottoms and artificial structures, including pontoons, pilings, moorings, jetties and commercial vessel berths. The sampling techniques used were crab box traps, starfish traps, epibenthic sled tows, and diver and shore searches. Target location numbers were met for all sample types. Five specimens were collected during the survey and sent to the Marine Invasives Taxonomic Service (MITS) for identification, including three ascidians, one bryozoan and one fish. Two primary target species, the clubbed tunicate Styela clava and the Japanese kelp Undaria pinnatifida, were collected. Undaria was first recorded in Port Tarakohe in 2002 but Styela has not previously been reported from this location. Several other non-indigenous species already known to be widespread in New Zealand were also recorded, of which the most conspicuous was the colonial ascidian Didemnum sp. Didemnum was first recorded in Port Tarakohe in 2006.

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