@article{ ISI:A1995TM18000027,
Author = {Murakawa, M and Koga, N and Kumagai, T},
Title = {{Deep-drawing of aluminum sheets without lubricant by use of diamond-like
   carbon coated dies}},
Journal = {{SURFACE \& COATINGS TECHNOLOGY}},
Year = {{1995}},
Volume = {{76-77}},
Number = {{1-3, 2}},
Pages = {{553-558}},
Month = {{DEC}},
Note = {{22nd International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films
   (ICMCTF 1995), SAN DIEGO, CA, APR 25-29, 1995}},
Organization = {{Amer Vacuum Soc, Vacuum Met \& Thin Films Div}},
Abstract = {{In this article we propose the use of a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film
   coated onto the die in order to deep-draw aluminum sheets without
   lubricant. The use of a DLC coating has, surprisingly, been found to
   eliminate the need for any lubricant to prevent adhesion of aluminum to
   the die material during up to about 6200 deep-drawing operations in
   which square cups, each with a size of 20 x 20 x 12 (depth) mm, were
   produced. The DLC was coated onto a WC-Co alloy drawing die by means of
   an ion plating apparatus in which a tri-electrode-type DC are discharge
   ion source with a hot filament, an anode and a reflector were used with
   a precursor of benzene. The work material was 1 mm thick A5000 aluminum
   sheet. In contrast to the DLC-coated die, an uncoated WC-Co alloy
   deep-drawing die operated without any lubricant caused fracture of the
   aluminum sheet after only five repetitions of deep-drawing because of
   the strong adhesion of the material to the die. This demonstrates the
   dramatic effects of the DLC coating.}},
DOI = {{10.1016/0257-8972(95)02523-5}},
ISSN = {{0257-8972}},
Unique-ID = {{ISI:A1995TM18000027}},
}

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