@article{musch_relative_1999,
	title = {The {Relative} {Age} {Effect} in {Soccer}: {Cross}-{Cultural} {Evidence} for a {Systematic} {Discrimination} against {Children} {Born} {Late} in the {Competition} {Year}},
	shorttitle = {The {Relative} {Age} {Effect} in {Soccer}},
	doi = {10.1123/ssj.16.1.54},
	abstract = {Previous findings of skewed birth date distributions among sports professionals have been interpreted as evidence for a systematic discrimination against children born shortly before the cut-off date for each age grouping. Alternative explanations for these findings exist, however. This research therefore attempted to replicate the effect in a cross-cultural comparison. A strong relative age effect in professional soccer was found in Germany, Japan, Brazil, and Australia, showing that the effect is independent of different cut-off dates and a variety of climatic and sociocultural factors. A shifted peak in the birth date distribution of Australian soccer professionals paralleling a corresponding change in the cut-off date in Australian soccer in 1989 was also established. This pattern of results provides strong evidence for the cut-off date in youth soccer as the main cause for the relative age effect in professional soccer.},
	author = {Musch, Jochen and Hay, Roy},
	year = {1999},
	keywords = {Attempt, RAE, Self-replication, explanation},
}

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