@ARTICLE{txtl2017,
   AUTHOR       = {V. H. Nagaraj and J. M. Greene and A. M. Sengupta and 
      and E.D. Sontag},
   JOURNAL      = {Synthetic Biology},
   TITLE        = {Translation inhibition and resource balance in the TX-TL 
      cell-free gene expression system},
   YEAR         = {2017},
   OPTMONTH     = {},
   OPTNOTE      = {},
   OPTNUMBER    = {},
   PAGES        = {ysx005},
   VOLUME       = {2},
   KEYWORDS     = {cell-free systems, in vitro synthetic biology},
   PDF          = {../../FTPDIR/nagaraj_greene_sengupta_sontag_reprint_2017.pdf},
   ABSTRACT     = {Utilizing the synthetic transcription-translation 
      (TX-TL) system, this paper studies the impact of nucleotide 
      triphosphates (NTPs) and magnesium (Mg2+), on gene expression, in the 
      context of the counterintuitive phenomenon of suppression of gene 
      expression at high NTP concentration. Measuring translation rates for 
      different Mg2+ and NTP concentrations, we observe a complex resource 
      dependence. We demonstrate that translation is the rate-limiting 
      process that is directly inhibited by high NTP concentrations. 
      Additional Mg2+ can partially reverse this inhibition. In several 
      experiments, we observe two maxima of the translation rate viewed as 
      a function of both Mg2+ and NTP concentration, which can be explained 
      in terms of an NTP-independent effect on the ribosome complex and an 
      NTP- Mg2+ titration effect. The non-trivial compensatory effects of 
      abundance of different vital resources signals the presence of 
      complex regulatory mechanisms to achieve optimal gene expression.}
}

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