Three-Dimensional Printing Model Enhances Craniofacial Trauma Teaching by Improving Morphologic and Biomechanical Understanding: A Randomized Controlled Study. Nicot, R., Druelle, C., Chazard, E., Roland-Billecart, T., Nuytten, A., Richard, F., Dupré, A., Raoul, G., Ferri, J., Lacroix, D., Gosset, D., Schlund, M., & Truffert, P. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 149(3):475e–484e, March, 2022.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
BACKGROUND: Teaching about craniofacial traumas is challenging given the complexity of the craniofacial anatomy and the necessity for good spatial representation skills. To solve these problems, three-dimensional printing seems to be an appropriate educative material. In this study, the authors conducted a randomized controlled trial. The authors' main objective was to compare the performance of the undergraduate medical students in an examination based on the teaching support: three-dimensionally printed models versus two-dimensional pictures. METHODS: All participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups using a random number table: the three-dimensionally-printed support group (three-dimensional group) or the two-dimensionally-displayed support group (two-dimensional group). All participants completed a multiple-choice question evaluation questionnaire on facial traumatology (first, a zygomatic bone fracture; then, a double mandible fracture). Sex and potential confounding factors were evaluated. RESULTS: Four hundred thirty-two fifth-year undergraduate medical students were enrolled in this study. Two hundred six students were allocated to the three-dimensional group, and 226 were allocated to the two-dimensional group. The three-dimensionally printed model was considered to be a better teaching material compared with two-dimensional support. The global mean score was 2.36 in the three-dimensional group versus 1.99 in the two-dimensional group (p = 0.008). Regarding teaching of biomechanical aspects, three-dimensionally-printed models provide better understanding (p = 0.015). Participants in both groups exhibited similar previous student educational achievements and visuospatial skills. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective, randomized, controlled educational trial demonstrated that incorporation of three-dimensionally-printed models improves medical students' understanding. This trial reinforces previous studies highlighting academic benefits in using three-dimensionally-printed models mostly in the field of understanding complex structures.
@article{nicot_three-dimensional_2022,
	title = {Three-{Dimensional} {Printing} {Model} {Enhances} {Craniofacial} {Trauma} {Teaching} by {Improving} {Morphologic} and {Biomechanical} {Understanding}: {A} {Randomized} {Controlled} {Study}},
	volume = {149},
	issn = {1529-4242},
	shorttitle = {Three-{Dimensional} {Printing} {Model} {Enhances} {Craniofacial} {Trauma} {Teaching} by {Improving} {Morphologic} and {Biomechanical} {Understanding}},
	doi = {10.1097/PRS.0000000000008869},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: Teaching about craniofacial traumas is challenging given the complexity of the craniofacial anatomy and the necessity for good spatial representation skills. To solve these problems, three-dimensional printing seems to be an appropriate educative material. In this study, the authors conducted a randomized controlled trial. The authors' main objective was to compare the performance of the undergraduate medical students in an examination based on the teaching support: three-dimensionally printed models versus two-dimensional pictures.
METHODS: All participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups using a random number table: the three-dimensionally-printed support group (three-dimensional group) or the two-dimensionally-displayed support group (two-dimensional group). All participants completed a multiple-choice question evaluation questionnaire on facial traumatology (first, a zygomatic bone fracture; then, a double mandible fracture). Sex and potential confounding factors were evaluated.
RESULTS: Four hundred thirty-two fifth-year undergraduate medical students were enrolled in this study. Two hundred six students were allocated to the three-dimensional group, and 226 were allocated to the two-dimensional group. The three-dimensionally printed model was considered to be a better teaching material compared with two-dimensional support. The global mean score was 2.36 in the three-dimensional group versus 1.99 in the two-dimensional group (p = 0.008). Regarding teaching of biomechanical aspects, three-dimensionally-printed models provide better understanding (p = 0.015). Participants in both groups exhibited similar previous student educational achievements and visuospatial skills.
CONCLUSIONS: This prospective, randomized, controlled educational trial demonstrated that incorporation of three-dimensionally-printed models improves medical students' understanding. This trial reinforces previous studies highlighting academic benefits in using three-dimensionally-printed models mostly in the field of understanding complex structures.},
	language = {eng},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery},
	author = {Nicot, Romain and Druelle, Charles and Chazard, Emmanuel and Roland-Billecart, Thomas and Nuytten, Alexandra and Richard, Florence and Dupré, Aurélie and Raoul, Gwénaël and Ferri, Joël and Lacroix, Dominique and Gosset, Didier and Schlund, Matthias and Truffert, Patrick},
	month = mar,
	year = {2022},
	pmid = {35196687},
	pages = {475e--484e},
}

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