@article{RN159,
   author = {O'Brien, T. J. and Bonakdar, M. and Bhonsle, S. and Neal, R. E., 2nd and Aardema, C. H., Jr. and Robertson, J. L. and Goldberg, S. N. and Davalos, R. V.},
   title = {Effects of internal electrode cooling on irreversible electroporation using a perfused organ model},
   journal = {Int J Hyperthermia},
   volume = {35},
   number = {1},
   pages = {44-55},
   note = {1464-5157
O'Brien, Timothy J
Bonakdar, Mohammad
Bhonsle, Suyashree
Neal, Robert E 2nd
Aardema, Charles H Jr
Robertson, John L
Goldberg, S Nahum
Davalos, Rafael V
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
England
2018/05/29
Int J Hyperthermia. 2018;35(1):44-55. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2018.1473893. Epub 2018 May 28.},
   abstract = {PURPOSE: This study evaluates the effects of active electrode cooling, via internal fluid circulation, on the irreversible electroporation (IRE) lesion, deployed electric current and temperature changes using a perfused porcine liver model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bipolar electrode delivered IRE electric pulses with or without activation of internal cooling to nine porcine mechanically perfused livers. Pulse schemes included a constant voltage, and a preconditioned delivery combined with an arc-mitigation algorithm. After treatment, organs were dissected, and treatment zones were stained using triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) to demonstrate viability. RESULTS: Thirty-nine treatments were performed with an internally cooled applicator and 21 with a non-cooled applicator. For the constant voltage scenario, the average final electrical current measured was 26.37 and 29.20 A for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average final temperature measured was 33.01 and 42.43 °C for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average measured ablations (fixed lesion) were 3.88-by-2.08 cm and 3.86-by-2.12 cm for the cooled and uncooled electrode respectively ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). Similarly, the preconditioned/arc-mitigation scenario yielded an average final electrical current measurement of a 41.07 and 47.20 A for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average final temperature measured was 34.93 and 44.90 °C for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average measured ablations (fixed lesion) were 3.67-by-2.27 cm and 3.58-by-2.09 cm for the cooled and uncooled applicators ([Formula: see text]). CONCLUSIONS: The internally-cooled bipolar applicator offers advantages that could improve clinical outcomes. Thermally mitigating internal perfusion technology reduced tissue temperatures and electric current while maintaining similar lesion sizes.},
   keywords = {Ablation Techniques/*methods
Animals
Cold Temperature
Disease Models, Animal
Electrodes
Electroporation/*methods
Liver/pathology/*surgery
Swine
Irreversible electroporation
arc mitigation
current
perfused organ model
temperature
thermal damage
thermal mitigation},
   ISSN = {0265-6736},
   DOI = {10.1080/02656736.2018.1473893},
   year = {2018},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

{"_id":"B9YbdNWRdcBFRWtug","bibbaseid":"obrien-bonakdar-bhonsle-neal-aardema-robertson-goldberg-davalos-effectsofinternalelectrodecoolingonirreversibleelectroporationusingaperfusedorganmodel-2018","author_short":["O'Brien, T. J.","Bonakdar, M.","Bhonsle, S.","Neal, R. E.","Aardema, C. H.","Robertson, J. L.","Goldberg, S. N.","Davalos, R. V."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"Journal Article","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["O'Brien"],"firstnames":["T.","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Bonakdar"],"firstnames":["M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Bhonsle"],"firstnames":["S."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Neal"],"firstnames":["R.","E."],"suffixes":["2nd"]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Aardema"],"firstnames":["C.","H."],"suffixes":["Jr."]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Robertson"],"firstnames":["J.","L."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Goldberg"],"firstnames":["S.","N."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Davalos"],"firstnames":["R.","V."],"suffixes":[]}],"title":"Effects of internal electrode cooling on irreversible electroporation using a perfused organ model","journal":"Int J Hyperthermia","volume":"35","number":"1","pages":"44-55","note":"1464-5157 O'Brien, Timothy J Bonakdar, Mohammad Bhonsle, Suyashree Neal, Robert E 2nd Aardema, Charles H Jr Robertson, John L Goldberg, S Nahum Davalos, Rafael V Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2018/05/29 Int J Hyperthermia. 2018;35(1):44-55. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2018.1473893. Epub 2018 May 28.","abstract":"PURPOSE: This study evaluates the effects of active electrode cooling, via internal fluid circulation, on the irreversible electroporation (IRE) lesion, deployed electric current and temperature changes using a perfused porcine liver model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bipolar electrode delivered IRE electric pulses with or without activation of internal cooling to nine porcine mechanically perfused livers. Pulse schemes included a constant voltage, and a preconditioned delivery combined with an arc-mitigation algorithm. After treatment, organs were dissected, and treatment zones were stained using triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) to demonstrate viability. RESULTS: Thirty-nine treatments were performed with an internally cooled applicator and 21 with a non-cooled applicator. For the constant voltage scenario, the average final electrical current measured was 26.37 and 29.20 A for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average final temperature measured was 33.01 and 42.43 °C for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average measured ablations (fixed lesion) were 3.88-by-2.08 cm and 3.86-by-2.12 cm for the cooled and uncooled electrode respectively ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). Similarly, the preconditioned/arc-mitigation scenario yielded an average final electrical current measurement of a 41.07 and 47.20 A for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average final temperature measured was 34.93 and 44.90 °C for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average measured ablations (fixed lesion) were 3.67-by-2.27 cm and 3.58-by-2.09 cm for the cooled and uncooled applicators ([Formula: see text]). CONCLUSIONS: The internally-cooled bipolar applicator offers advantages that could improve clinical outcomes. Thermally mitigating internal perfusion technology reduced tissue temperatures and electric current while maintaining similar lesion sizes.","keywords":"Ablation Techniques/*methods Animals Cold Temperature Disease Models, Animal Electrodes Electroporation/*methods Liver/pathology/*surgery Swine Irreversible electroporation arc mitigation current perfused organ model temperature thermal damage thermal mitigation","issn":"0265-6736","doi":"10.1080/02656736.2018.1473893","year":"2018","bibtex":"@article{RN159,\n author = {O'Brien, T. J. and Bonakdar, M. and Bhonsle, S. and Neal, R. E., 2nd and Aardema, C. H., Jr. and Robertson, J. L. and Goldberg, S. N. and Davalos, R. V.},\n title = {Effects of internal electrode cooling on irreversible electroporation using a perfused organ model},\n journal = {Int J Hyperthermia},\n volume = {35},\n number = {1},\n pages = {44-55},\n note = {1464-5157\nO'Brien, Timothy J\nBonakdar, Mohammad\nBhonsle, Suyashree\nNeal, Robert E 2nd\nAardema, Charles H Jr\nRobertson, John L\nGoldberg, S Nahum\nDavalos, Rafael V\nJournal Article\nResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't\nEngland\n2018/05/29\nInt J Hyperthermia. 2018;35(1):44-55. doi: 10.1080/02656736.2018.1473893. Epub 2018 May 28.},\n abstract = {PURPOSE: This study evaluates the effects of active electrode cooling, via internal fluid circulation, on the irreversible electroporation (IRE) lesion, deployed electric current and temperature changes using a perfused porcine liver model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bipolar electrode delivered IRE electric pulses with or without activation of internal cooling to nine porcine mechanically perfused livers. Pulse schemes included a constant voltage, and a preconditioned delivery combined with an arc-mitigation algorithm. After treatment, organs were dissected, and treatment zones were stained using triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) to demonstrate viability. RESULTS: Thirty-nine treatments were performed with an internally cooled applicator and 21 with a non-cooled applicator. For the constant voltage scenario, the average final electrical current measured was 26.37 and 29.20 A for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average final temperature measured was 33.01 and 42.43 °C for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average measured ablations (fixed lesion) were 3.88-by-2.08 cm and 3.86-by-2.12 cm for the cooled and uncooled electrode respectively ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). Similarly, the preconditioned/arc-mitigation scenario yielded an average final electrical current measurement of a 41.07 and 47.20 A for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average final temperature measured was 34.93 and 44.90 °C for the cooled and uncooled electrodes respectively ([Formula: see text]). The average measured ablations (fixed lesion) were 3.67-by-2.27 cm and 3.58-by-2.09 cm for the cooled and uncooled applicators ([Formula: see text]). CONCLUSIONS: The internally-cooled bipolar applicator offers advantages that could improve clinical outcomes. Thermally mitigating internal perfusion technology reduced tissue temperatures and electric current while maintaining similar lesion sizes.},\n keywords = {Ablation Techniques/*methods\nAnimals\nCold Temperature\nDisease Models, Animal\nElectrodes\nElectroporation/*methods\nLiver/pathology/*surgery\nSwine\nIrreversible electroporation\narc mitigation\ncurrent\nperfused organ model\ntemperature\nthermal damage\nthermal mitigation},\n ISSN = {0265-6736},\n DOI = {10.1080/02656736.2018.1473893},\n year = {2018},\n type = {Journal Article}\n}\n\n","author_short":["O'Brien, T. J.","Bonakdar, M.","Bhonsle, S.","Neal, R. E.","Aardema, C. H.","Robertson, J. L.","Goldberg, S. N.","Davalos, R. V."],"key":"RN159","id":"RN159","bibbaseid":"obrien-bonakdar-bhonsle-neal-aardema-robertson-goldberg-davalos-effectsofinternalelectrodecoolingonirreversibleelectroporationusingaperfusedorganmodel-2018","role":"author","urls":{},"keyword":["Ablation Techniques/*methods Animals Cold Temperature Disease Models","Animal Electrodes Electroporation/*methods Liver/pathology/*surgery Swine Irreversible electroporation arc mitigation current perfused organ model temperature thermal damage thermal mitigation"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://bibbase.org/network/files/bdNBTZRXTsoHCgpbh","dataSources":["D4zENc4BfFNBwSYYJ","fJQsxtBoqymHQG6tL","LzxgEApraxMPkLTMn","Z2THpXfLYEJf3CB8p"],"keywords":["ablation techniques/*methods animals cold temperature disease models","animal electrodes electroporation/*methods liver/pathology/*surgery swine irreversible electroporation arc mitigation current perfused organ model temperature thermal damage thermal mitigation"],"search_terms":["effects","internal","electrode","cooling","irreversible","electroporation","using","perfused","organ","model","o'brien","bonakdar","bhonsle","neal","aardema","robertson","goldberg","davalos"],"title":"Effects of internal electrode cooling on irreversible electroporation using a perfused organ model","year":2018}