Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) binds to VEGF receptor-1 and regulates plasminogen activator activity in endothelial cells. Olofsson, B., Korpelainen, E., Pepper, M. S., Mandriota, S. J., Aase, K., Kumar, V., Gunji, Y., Jeltsch, M. M., Shibuya, M., Alitalo, K., & Eriksson, U. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95(20):11709–11714, September, 1998.
Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) binds to VEGF receptor-1 and regulates plasminogen activator activity in endothelial cells [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family has recently expanded by the identification and cloning of three additional members, namely VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D. In this study we demonstrate that VEGF-B binds selectively to VEGF receptor-1/Flt-1. This binding can be blocked by excess VEGF, indicating that the interaction sites on the receptor are at least partially overlapping. Mutating the putative VEGF receptor-1/Flt-1 binding determinants Asp63, Asp64, and Glu67 to alanine residues in VEGF-B reduced the affinity to VEGF receptor-1 but did not abolish binding. Mutational analysis of conserved cysteines contributing to VEGF-B dimer formation suggest a structural conservation with VEGF and platelet-derived growth factor. Proteolytic processing of the 60-kDa VEGF-B186 dimer results in a 34-kDa dimer containing the receptor-binding epitopes. The binding of VEGF-B to its receptor on endothelial cells leads to increased expression and activity of urokinase type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, suggesting a role for VEGF-B in the regulation of extracellular matrix degradation, cell adhesion, and migration.
@article{olofsson_vascular_1998,
	title = {Vascular endothelial growth factor {B} ({VEGF}-{B}) binds to {VEGF} receptor-1 and regulates plasminogen activator activity in endothelial cells},
	volume = {95},
	issn = {0027-8424, 1091-6490},
	url = {http://www.pnas.org/content/95/20/11709},
	doi = {10.1073/pnas.95.20.11709},
	abstract = {The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family has recently expanded by the identification and cloning of three additional members, namely VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D. In this study we demonstrate that VEGF-B binds selectively to VEGF receptor-1/Flt-1. This binding can be blocked by excess VEGF, indicating that the interaction sites on the receptor are at least partially overlapping. Mutating the putative VEGF receptor-1/Flt-1 binding determinants Asp63, Asp64, and Glu67 to alanine residues in VEGF-B reduced the affinity to VEGF receptor-1 but did not abolish binding. Mutational analysis of conserved cysteines contributing to VEGF-B dimer formation suggest a structural conservation with VEGF and platelet-derived growth factor. Proteolytic processing of the 60-kDa VEGF-B186 dimer results in a 34-kDa dimer containing the receptor-binding epitopes. The binding of VEGF-B to its receptor on endothelial cells leads to increased expression and activity of urokinase type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, suggesting a role for VEGF-B in the regulation of extracellular matrix degradation, cell adhesion, and migration.},
	language = {en},
	number = {20},
	urldate = {2015-04-30},
	journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
	author = {Olofsson, Birgitta and Korpelainen, Eija and Pepper, Michael S. and Mandriota, Stefano J. and Aase, Karin and Kumar, Vijay and Gunji, Yuji and Jeltsch, Michael M. and Shibuya, Masabumi and Alitalo, Kari and Eriksson, Ulf},
	month = sep,
	year = {1998},
	pmid = {9751730},
	pages = {11709--11714},
}

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