A new climate-vegetation equilibrium state for Tropical South America. Oyama, M. & Nobre, C., A. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(23):2199, 12, 2003.
A new climate-vegetation equilibrium state for Tropical South America [link]Website  abstract   bibtex   
The existence of multiple climate-vegetation equilibria in Tropical South America is investigated under present-day climate conditions with the use of an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a potential vegetation model. Two stable equilibria were found. One corresponds to the current biome distribution. The second is a new equilibrium state: savannas replace eastern Amazonian forests and a semi-desert area appears in the driest portion of Northeast Brazil. If sustainable development and conservation policies were not able to halt the increasing environmental degradation in those areas, then land use changes could, per se, tip the climate-vegetation system towards this new alternative drier stable equilibrium state, with savannization of parts of Amazonia and desertification of the driest area of Northeast Brazil, and with potential adverse impacts on the rich species diversity in the former region and water resources in the latter.
@article{
 title = {A new climate-vegetation equilibrium state for Tropical South America},
 type = {article},
 year = {2003},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 keywords = {crn1},
 pages = {2199},
 volume = {30},
 websites = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003gl018600,citeulike-article-id:7752933},
 month = {12},
 day = {5},
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 abstract = {The existence of multiple climate-vegetation equilibria in Tropical South America is investigated under present-day climate
                              conditions with the use of an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a potential vegetation model. Two stable equilibria
                              were found. One corresponds to the current biome distribution. The second is a new equilibrium state: savannas replace eastern
                              Amazonian forests and a semi-desert area appears in the driest portion of Northeast Brazil. If sustainable development and
                              conservation policies were not able to halt the increasing environmental degradation in those areas, then land use changes
                              could, per se, tip the climate-vegetation system towards this new alternative drier stable equilibrium state, with savannization
                              of parts of Amazonia and desertification of the driest area of Northeast Brazil, and with potential adverse impacts on the
                              rich species diversity in the former region and water resources in the latter.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Oyama, Marcos and Nobre, C A},
 journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
 number = {23}
}

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