Living Crystals of Light-Activated Colloidal Surfers. Palacci, J., Sacanna, S., Steinberg, A., P., Pine, D., J., & Chaikin, P., M. SCIENCE, 339(6122):936-940, AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE, 2, 2013.
abstract   bibtex   
Spontaneous formation of colonies of bacteria or flocks of birds are examples of self-organization in active living matter. Here, we demonstrate a form of self-organization from nonequilibrium driving forces in a suspension of synthetic photoactivated colloidal particles. They lead to two-dimensional ``living crystals,'' which form, break, explode, and re-form elsewhere. The dynamic assembly results from a competition between self-propulsion of particles and an attractive interaction induced respectively by osmotic and phoretic effects and activated by light. We measured a transition from normal to giant-number fluctuations. Our experiments are quantitatively described by simple numerical simulations. We show that the existence of the living crystals is intrinsically related to the out-of-equilibrium collisions of the self-propelled particles.
@article{
 title = {Living Crystals of Light-Activated Colloidal Surfers},
 type = {article},
 year = {2013},
 identifiers = {[object Object]},
 pages = {936-940},
 volume = {339},
 month = {2},
 publisher = {AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE},
 city = {1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA},
 id = {a95d6ce1-7db3-3ad5-93aa-d40eac810257},
 created = {2015-12-14T19:51:28.000Z},
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 abstract = {Spontaneous formation of colonies of bacteria or flocks of birds are
examples of self-organization in active living matter. Here, we
demonstrate a form of self-organization from nonequilibrium driving
forces in a suspension of synthetic photoactivated colloidal particles.
They lead to two-dimensional ``living crystals,'' which form, break,
explode, and re-form elsewhere. The dynamic assembly results from a
competition between self-propulsion of particles and an attractive
interaction induced respectively by osmotic and phoretic effects and
activated by light. We measured a transition from normal to giant-number
fluctuations. Our experiments are quantitatively described by simple
numerical simulations. We show that the existence of the living crystals
is intrinsically related to the out-of-equilibrium collisions of the
self-propelled particles.},
 bibtype = {article},
 author = {Palacci, Jeremie and Sacanna, Stefano and Steinberg, Asher Preska and Pine, David J and Chaikin, Paul M},
 journal = {SCIENCE},
 number = {6122}
}

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